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Tamoxifen

One of the SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS with tissue-specific activities. Tamoxifen acts as an anti-estrogen (inhibiting agent) in the mammary tissue, but as an estrogen (stimulating agent) in cholesterol metabolism, bone density, and cell proliferation in the ENDOMETRIUM.

Also Known As:

ICI-46,474; ICI-46474; ICI-47699; Nolvadex; Novaldex; Savient brand of Tamoxifen Citrate; Soltamox; Tamoxifen Citrate; Tomaxithen; Zitazonium; Citrate, Tamoxifen; ICI 46,474; ICI 46474; ICI 47699; ICI46,474; ICI46474; ICI47699; Ethanamine, 2-(4-(1,2-diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethyl-, (Z)-

Networked: 10496 relevant articles (1116 outcomes, 2707 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Hydrocarbons: 412
  - Cyclic Hydrocarbons: 3
    - Aromatic Hydrocarbons: 132
      - Benzene Derivatives: 13
        Benzylidene Compounds
        Stilbenes: 79
        Tamoxifen: 10496
        Raloxifene: 1402
        Toremifene: 369
        4-hydroxytamoxifen: 202
        4-hydroxy-N-desmethyltamoxifen: 76
        2-(4-(4-chloro-1,2-diphenyl-but-1-enyl)phenoxy)ethanol: 68
        hydroxytamoxifen: 61
        3-hydroxytamoxifen: 55
        pyrrolidino-4-iodotamoxifen: 34
        N-desmethyltamoxifen: 26
        TAT 59: 12
        tamoxifen aziridine: 11
        2-(4-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1-butenyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethylamine: 6
        MT protocol: 6
        alpha-hydroxytamoxifen: 5
        CMFPT protocol: 4
        DBPT regimen: 4
        4-hydroxytoremifene: 3
        ACT regimen: 3
        desdimethyltamoxifen: 3
        iodomethyl-N,N-diethyltamoxifen: 3
        N-desmethyltoremifene: 3
        (Z)-2-(2-(4-(4-chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenoxy)ethoxy)ethanol: 2
        3,4-dihydroxytamoxifen: 2
        DAT protocol 2: 2
        ICI 142269: 2
        iodotamoxifen: 2
        N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen: 2
        ridaifen-B: 2
        tamoxifen N-oxide: 2
        TAP protocol: 2
        4-iodo-tamoxifen: 1
        alpha-acetoxytamoxifen: 1
        FCT protocol: 1
        ICI 145680: 1
        indometafen: 1
        Isotretinoin embryopathy like syndrome: 1
        panomifene: 1
        TAD protocol: 1
        tamoxifen methiodide: 1
        tamoxifen-pyropheophorbide conjugate: 1
        (1-(4-dimethylaminoethoxy)phenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-bromo-2-phenylethylene
        1,1-dichloro-2,3-diphenyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)cyclopropane
        2-methyl-4-hydroxytamoxifen
        3,4-dihydroxytamoxifen-o-quinone
        4-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-3,4-diphenyl-2-(9beta-deoxyribofuranosyl-6-oxopurin-2-ylamino)-3-butene
        4-chlorotamoxifen
        4-fluorotamoxifen
        4-hydroxytamoxifen beta-glucuronide
        4-methyltamoxifen
        6,7-dihydro-8-phenyl-9-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-5-H-benzocycloheptene
        ACFT protocol
        alpha,4-dihydroxytamoxifen
        alpha-(deoxyguanosin-N(2)-yl)-N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen
        alpha-(N(2)-deoxyguanosinyl)tamoxifen
        alpha-(N(2)-deoxyguanosinyl)tamoxifen N-oxide
        alpha-(N(6)-deoxyadenosinyl)tamoxifen
        alpha-hydroxy-N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen
        alpha-sulfate tamoxifen
        AVCT protocol
        boroxifen
        CAMFTP protocol
        CAPT protocol
        CDPTH regimen
        CEFT protocol
        CMFPTH regimen
        DAVTH protocol
        DAVTHML regimen
        DBCT protocol
        DBPT protocol
        dihydrotamoxifen
        ethylbromide tamoxifen
        H 1285
        homotamoxifen aziridine
        iododesethyltamoxifen aziridine
        MTF protocol
        N-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(4-(1,2-diphenylbutenyl)phenoxy)ethyl carbamate
        N-(2-chloroethyl)-N'-2-(4-(1,2-diphenylbutenyl)phenoxy)ethyl-N-nitrosourea
        N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitroso-2-(4-(1,2-diphenylbutenyl)phenoxy)ethyl carbamate
        N-demethyldroloxifene
        PAFT protocol
        PFT protocol
        tamoxifen 1,2-epoxide
        tamoxifen acid
        tamoxifen analog II
        tamoxifen catechol
        TEMP protocol

Experts

1.	Jordan, V Craig: 68 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
2.	Cuzick, Jack: 56 articles (11/2015 - 01/2003)
3.	Ingle, James N: 54 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Dowsett, Mitch: 52 articles (09/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Howell, Anthony: 45 articles (09/2015 - 04/2002)
6.	Costantino, Joseph P: 44 articles (04/2016 - 06/2002)
7.	Stål, Olle: 43 articles (10/2015 - 01/2003)
8.	Wolmark, Norman: 41 articles (09/2015 - 06/2002)
9.	Wickerham, D Lawrence: 40 articles (04/2016 - 06/2002)
10.	Vogel, Victor G: 36 articles (01/2015 - 06/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 06/01/2009 - "Tamoxifen is a partial ER antagonist that is highly effective in the treatment of receptor positive breast cancer. " 04/01/2001 - "If women with a family history of breast cancer are being counseled regarding decisions on genetic testing, tamoxifen use, or other preventive measures, presenting both Claus and Gail estimates may be the best option." 08/01/2000 - "Tamoxifen is one of the most effective treatments for breast cancer. " 11/03/1999 - "Tamoxifen is most beneficial for younger women with an elevated risk of breast cancer. " 01/01/2014 - "Although tamoxifen has been proven to be beneficial in preventing breast cancer in high-risk women, its use has not been widely embraced. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 10/08/2015 - "Among the 12 class I and class II rexinoids evaluated, the class I rexinoid 11 is most effective in preventing breast cancers in an in vivo rat model alone or in combination with tamoxifen. " 04/01/2008 - "Accordingly, analysis of matching pairs of primary tumors with their recurrences showed a marked decrease of NY-BR-1 expression in recurrences after tamoxifen treatment (p < 0.0001)." 12/01/1995 - "The antioestrogen tamoxifen is of proven efficacy in inhibiting the growth of oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers in women. " 10/01/2012 - "In a combination experiment, OPG-Fc plus tamoxifen resulted in significantly greater tumor growth inhibition than either single agent alone. " 12/01/2009 - "Understanding the variation in response to tamoxifen may significantly improve our ability to personalize cancer care and maximize therapeutic efficacy. "
3.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 12/01/2004 - "This study evaluated the efficacy of mTOR inhibition in the treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast carcinoma characterized by high Akt activity. " 12/25/1992 - "We therefore evaluated this new therapy with tamoxifen as effective in patients with unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas." 01/01/1986 - "Tamoxifen, an oestrogen receptor antagonist and an effective treatment for breast carcinoma, has recently been shown to possess spasmolytic activity in smooth muscle. " 06/01/1988 - "From November 1976 to June 1982, a randomised clinical trial was carried out at the Christie Hospital, Manchester, to test the clinical efficacy of tamoxifen (TAM) as an adjuvant to surgery for patients with operable breast carcinoma. " 01/01/1985 - "There were no changes in circulating levels of PAP and no improvement in clinical condition, indicating that long-term tamoxifen administration is not effective in the treatment of prostate carcinoma."
4.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis) 01/01/1991 - "43% of the patients in group A (Tamoxifen, ICI) experienced complete or partial remission of the metastases. " 08/01/1994 - "Further randomized trials in patients with bone metastases are warranted to determine if high-dose progestin therapy is superior to tamoxifen in these patients." 10/01/1999 - "0165), a longer disease-free interval from initial diagnosis to diagnosis of metastases (</= 2 v > 2 years) (P =.0051), and prior treatment with tamoxifen (P =.0152) were good prognostic signs for overall survival. " 07/01/1996 - "Tamoxifen significantly decreased the 5-year actuarial risk of distant metastasis in axillary node-positive patients and there was a trend towards improvement in cause-specific survival that was not statistically significant. " 08/01/2008 - "Tamoxifen, once the standard initial therapy, is associated with improved disease-free survival but may be more effective at reducing loco-regional recurrence than distant metastases. "
5.	Endometrial Neoplasms (Endometrial Cancer) 06/01/2014 - "Unless the patient has been identified to be at high risk of endometrial cancer, routine endometrial surveillance has not proved to be effective in increasing the early detection of endometrial cancer in women using tamoxifen and is not recommended. " 07/01/2001 - "Although the incidence of endometrial cancer associated with tamoxifen use is not high, the risk is true and these patients could be helped by screening methods such as transvaginal ultrasonogrphy. " 02/01/1996 - "Tamoxifen was effective in treating patients with endometrial cancer. " 04/01/1990 - "We previously showed that combined treatment with tamoxifen and progestin was effective in arresting the growth of human endometrial carcinomas in the nude mouse model. " 03/01/1999 - "It is not known which endometrial carcinomas will respond favorably to tamoxifen and which ones will not. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

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2.	Hormones
3.	Aromatase Inhibitors
4.	anastrozole (Arimidex)
5.	letrozole (Femara)
6.	Estrogen Receptor Modulators (Antiestrogen)
7.	exemestane (Aromasin)
8.	Raloxifene (Evista)
9.	Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM)
10.	Aromatase (CYP19)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Chemoprevention
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
5.	Segmental Mastectomy (Lumpectomy)