Impact of growth hormone receptor blockade on substrate metabolism during fasting in healthy subjects.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Experimental studies in GH-deficient patients and in healthy subjects receiving somatostatin-infusion suggest that GH is an important regulator of substrate metabolism during fasting. These models may not adequately reflect the selective effects of GH, and GH receptor (GHR) blockade offers a new model to define the metabolic role of GH.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of GHR blockade on substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity during fasting.

DESIGN:

We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 10 healthy young men.

INTERVENTION:

After 36 h of fasting with saline or pegvisomant (GHR blockade), the subjects were studied during a 4-h basal period and 2.5-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.

MAIN OUTCOME:

We measured whole-body and forearm glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, peripheral insulin sensitivity, and acyl and desacyl ghrelin.

RESULTS:

GHR blockade significantly suppressed circulating free fatty acids (1226 +/- 83 vs. 1074 +/- 65 micromol/liter; P = 0.03) and ketone bodies (3080 +/- 271 vs. 2015 +/- 235 micromol/liter; P <or= 0.01), as well as forearm uptake of free fatty acids (0.341 +/- 0.150 vs. 0.004 +/- 0.119 micromol/100 ml x min; P < 0.01) and lipid oxidation (1.3 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.1 mg/kg x min; P = 0.03) in the basal period. By contrast, IGF-I levels in either serum or peripheral tissues were not impacted by GHR blockade, and protein metabolism was also unaffected. Basal glucose levels were elevated by GHR blockade, but insulin sensitivity was similar; this was associated with an increased acyl/desacyl ghrelin ratio.

CONCLUSION:

GHR blockade, without changes in circulating or tissue IGF-I levels, selectively suppresses lipid mobilization and oxidation after short-term fasting. This supports the notion that stimulation of lipolysis is a primary and important effect of GH.

• Authors: Louise Moller, Helene Norrelund, Niels Jessen, Allan Flyvbjerg, Steen B Pedersen, Bruce D Gaylinn, Jianhua Liu, Michael O Thorner, Niels Moller, Jens Otto Lunde Jorgensen
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 94 Issue 11 Pg. 4524-32 (Nov 2009) ISSN: 1945-7197 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19820031 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
• Placebos
• Receptors, Somatotropin
• Human Growth Hormone
• Tyrosine
• Phenylalanine
• Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
• Urea
• Growth Hormone
• pegvisomant

Topics

• Blood Glucose (drug effects, metabolism)
• Body Mass Index
• Cross-Over Studies
• Fasting (physiology)
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified (blood)
• Glucose Clamp Technique
• Growth Hormone (deficiency)
• Human Growth Hormone (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Humans
• Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (metabolism)
• Middle Aged
• Phenylalanine (blood)
• Placebos
• Receptors, Somatotropin (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Reference Values
• Single-Blind Method
• Tyrosine (blood)
• Urea (metabolism)
• Young Adult