HOMEPRODUCTSCOMPANYCONTACTFAQResearchDictionaryPharmaSign Up FREE or Login

Sphingosine-1-phosphate mobilizes osteoclast precursors and regulates bone homeostasis.

Abstract
Osteoclasts are the only somatic cells with bone-resorbing capacity and, as such, they have a critical role not only in normal bone homeostasis (called 'bone remodelling') but also in the pathogenesis of bone destructive disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. A major focus of research in the field has been on gene regulation by osteoclastogenic cytokines such as receptor activator of NF-kappaB-ligand (RANKL, also known as TNFSF11) and TNF-alpha, both of which have been well documented to contribute to osteoclast terminal differentiation. A crucial process that has been less well studied is the trafficking of osteoclast precursors to and from the bone surface, where they undergo cell fusion to form the fully differentiated multinucleated cells that mediate bone resorption. Here we report that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid mediator enriched in blood, induces chemotaxis and regulates the migration of osteoclast precursors not only in culture but also in vivo, contributing to the dynamic control of bone mineral homeostasis. Cells with the properties of osteoclast precursors express functional S1P(1) receptors and exhibit positive chemotaxis along an S1P gradient in vitro. Intravital two-photon imaging of bone tissues showed that a potent S1P(1) agonist, SEW2871, stimulated motility of osteoclast precursor-containing monocytoid populations in vivo. Osteoclast/monocyte (CD11b, also known as ITGAM) lineage-specific conditional S1P(1) knockout mice showed osteoporotic changes due to increased osteoclast attachment to the bone surface. Furthermore, treatment with the S1P(1) agonist FTY720 relieved ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice by reducing the number of mature osteoclasts attached to the bone surface. Together, these data provide evidence that S1P controls the migratory behaviour of osteoclast precursors, dynamically regulating bone mineral homeostasis, and identifies a critical control point in osteoclastogenesis that may have potential as a therapeutic target.
AuthorsMasaru Ishii, Jackson G Egen, Frederick Klauschen, Martin Meier-Schellersheim, Yukihiko Saeki, Jean Vacher, Richard L Proia, Ronald N Germain
JournalNature (Nature) Vol. 458 Issue 7237 Pg. 524-8 (Mar 26 2009) ISSN: 1476-4687 [Electronic] England
PMID19204730 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Lysophospholipids
  • Propylene Glycols
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid
  • sphingosine 1-phosphate
  • Fingolimod Hydrochloride
  • Sphingosine
Topics
  • Animals
  • Bone Density (drug effects)
  • Bone Resorption
  • Bone and Bones (anatomy & histology, drug effects, metabolism)
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Lineage
  • Chemotaxis (drug effects)
  • Female
  • Fingolimod Hydrochloride
  • Homeostasis (drug effects)
  • Lysophospholipids (pharmacology)
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Monocytes (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
  • Osteoclasts (cytology)
  • Osteoporosis (etiology, prevention & control)
  • Ovariectomy (adverse effects)
  • Propylene Glycols
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid (genetics, metabolism)
  • Sphingosine (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)

Join CureHunter, for free Research Interface BASIC access!

Take advantage of free CureHunter research engine access to explore the best drug and treatment options for any disease. Find out why thousands of doctors, pharma researchers and patient activists around the world use CureHunter every day.
Realize the full power of the drug-disease research graph!


Choose Username:
Email:
Password:
Verify Password:
Enter Code Shown: