Lipid and lipoprotein profiles in youth with and without type 1 diabetes: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth case-control study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this study was to compare the lipid profile and the prevalence of lipid abnormalities in youth with and without type 1 diabetes and explore the role of glycemic control on the hypothesized altered lipid profile in youth with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 512 youth with type 1 diabetes (mean duration 4.22 years) and 188 healthy control subjects aged 10-22 years in Colorado and South Carolina. SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) participants with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects recruited from primary care offices in the same geographic regions were invited to attend a research visit. Fasting lipid profiles were compared between youth with type 1 diabetes (stratified according to categories of optimal [A1C <7.5%] and suboptimal [A1C >or=7.5%] glycemic control) and healthy nondiabetic youth, using multiple linear and logistic regression.

RESULTS:

Youth with type 1 diabetes and optimal A1C had lipid concentrations that were similar (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and LDL particle size) or even less atherogenic (HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and triglyceride-to-HDL cholesterol ratio) than those observed in nondiabetic youth, whereas youth with suboptimal glycemic control had elevated standard lipid levels (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol). Youth with type 1 diabetes also had significantly elevated apolipoprotein B levels and more small, dense LDL particles than nondiabetic youth, regardless of glycemic control.

CONCLUSIONS:

Youth with type 1 diabetes have abnormal lipid levels and atherogenic changes in lipoprotein composition, even after a relatively short disease duration. As in adults, glycemic control is an important mediator of these abnormalities.

• Authors: John Guy, Lorraine Ogden, R Paul Wadwa, Richard F Hamman, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, Angela D Liese, Ralph D'Agostino Jr, Santica Marcovina, Dana Dabelea
• Journal: Diabetes care (Diabetes Care) Vol. 32 Issue 3 Pg. 416-20 (Mar 2009) ISSN: 1935-5548 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19092167 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• HDL-triglyceride
• Lipids
• Lipoproteins
• Lipoproteins, HDL
• Triglycerides

Topics

• Adolescent
• Case-Control Studies
• Child
• Colorado
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (blood, metabolism)
• Female
• Humans
• Lipids (blood)
• Lipoproteins (blood)
• Lipoproteins, HDL (blood)
• Male
• South Carolina
• Triglycerides (blood)
• Young Adult