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Amiloride (Midamor)

A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705)

Also Known As:

Midamor; Alphapharm Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Amidal; Amiduret Trom; Amiloberag; Amiloride Hydrochloride; Amiloride Hydrochloride, Anhydrous; Amrad Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Berolina Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Cahill May Roberts Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Douglas Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Kaluril; Merck Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Merck Sharp & Dohme Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Midoride; Modamide; Trommsdorff Brand of Amiloride Hydrochloride; Anhydrous Amiloride Hydrochloride; Hydrochloride, Amiloride; Hydrochloride, Anhydrous Amiloride; Trom, Amiduret; Pyrazinecarboxamide, 3,5-diamino-N-(aminoiminomethyl)-6-chloro-

Networked: 1128 relevant articles (71 outcomes, 161 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Heterocyclic Compounds: 60
- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds
  - Pyrazines: 12
    - Amiloride: 1128

Experts

1.	Fuller, Catherine M: 9 articles (09/2015 - 04/2003)
2.	Benos, Dale J: 8 articles (06/2011 - 04/2003)
3.	Boucher, Richard C: 7 articles (12/2008 - 01/2003)
4.	Bärtsch, Peter: 6 articles (11/2011 - 04/2002)
5.	Mairbäurl, Heimo: 6 articles (11/2011 - 04/2002)
6.	Bubien, James K: 6 articles (07/2010 - 04/2003)
7.	Hummler, Edith: 5 articles (12/2015 - 02/2008)
8.	Clerici, Christine: 5 articles (06/2014 - 12/2002)
9.	Planès, Carole: 5 articles (06/2014 - 12/2002)
10.	Jensen, Boye L: 4 articles (08/2015 - 12/2014)

Related Diseases

1.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 11/01/2004 - "Through the subsequent 6-12 months of open treatment, seven patients (18%) showing an escape phenomenon had their high blood pressure effectively treated by extra amiloride. " 06/25/1983 - "As control of hypertension was equally effective with both preparations, we suggest that a combination of amiloride with a beta blocker in treatment of moderate hypertension in preferred." 12/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the R563Q variant in the multiethnic populations of South Africa, its association with hypertension and response to amiloride in patients with resistant hypertension. " 07/06/2001 - "This study was conducted to examine if central amiloride-sensitive transport systems are involved in the development and/or maintenance of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). " 12/01/2012 - "Twenty-two R563Q heterozygote patients with resistant hypertension received amiloride with a mean reduction in blood pressure (BP) of 36/17 mm Hg (P < 0.0001). "
2.	Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis) 12/01/1992 - "Amiloride (10 microM) caused a significantly greater fall in potential difference in bronchi from patients with cystic fibrosis (83.5% (SE 2.9%)) than in those from controls (55.1% (7.1%)). " 09/09/1983 - "Amiloride induced chloride ion secretion in normal but not cystic fibrosis tissue and consequently was more effective in inhibiting the short-circuit current in cystic fibrosis epithelia. " 08/01/1993 - "Nasal potential difference was measured in eight patients with cystic fibrosis after the administration of amiloride or placebo to assess the efficacy of deposition and duration of action. " 10/01/1991 - "BACKGROUND Preliminary evidence suggests that regular inhalation of nebulised amiloride reduces sputum viscoelasticity, increases the clearance of sputum by mucociliary mechanisms and by coughing and reduces the rate of deterioration in lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis. " 07/01/2000 - "French multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial on nebulized amiloride in cystic fibrosis patients. "
3.	Ischemia 04/07/1993 - "For this purpose, the Langendorff-perfused rat hearts were subjected to regional brief ischemia followed by reperfusion to study the protective effects of amiloride, an inhibitor of Na(+)-H+ exchange. " 04/07/1993 - "Reduction in transsarcolemmal Na+ and pH gradients during ischemia exhibited protective effects similar to those seen with amiloride. " 09/01/1996 - "Treatment with dimethyl amiloride reduced the elevation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during and after the ischemia and improved the postischemic recovery of developed pressure from 76% +/- 3.2% at 30 minutes of reperfusion in control hearts (n = 6) up to 99% +/- 1.9% in hearts treated with dimethyl amiloride (n = 8). " 03/01/1999 - "This study was intended to compare the cardiac consequences of ischemia/reperfusion and amiloride treatment in immature (2-3 wk), juvenile (4-6 wk), and adult (3-5 mo) rats using an isolated, perfused heart model. " 12/01/1997 - "To examine whether amiloride protects against ischemia-induced or reperfusion-induced damage to the heart, mechanical and metabolic studies were performed in the isolated, working rat heart. "
4.	Hyperaldosteronism (Conn Syndrome) 10/01/2007 - "Conn's syndrome in pregnancy successfully treated with amiloride." 03/01/2001 - "We found that hyperaldosteronism was associated with significantly higher alveolar fluid clearance and that this increase was related to the amiloride-sensitive component. " 01/01/1982 - "The effect of amiloride was studied prospectively in 12 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. " 01/01/1982 - "Amiloride in primary hyperaldosteronism." 01/01/1978 - "1. Amiloride (40 mg/day) was given to nineteen patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. "
5.	Fever (Fevers) 09/01/1998 - "The cellular thermosensitivity to clinically achievable brain hyperthermia at 42 degrees C was enhanced by 0.5 mM amiloride (Na+/H+ antiport inhibitor). " 05/01/1998 - "This indicates that ADR accumulation is decreased by amiloride and increased by hyperthermia. " 05/01/1998 - "However, the accumulation combined with amiloride and hyperthermia was lower than with treatment with ADR only at 37 degrees C. " 05/01/1994 - "Further, since the survival rates by the treatment with 0.05 mM MH-12-43 were markedly lower than those with 0.5 mM amiloride from hyperthermia at 42 degrees C, MH-12-43 might be more effective than amiloride." 06/01/1993 - "It has previously been reported that amiloride, a diuretic drug, sensitizes cells to hyperthermia by inhibiting the Na+/H+ exchange through the plasma membrane and thus decreasing the intracellular pH (pHi), particularly in a low extracellular pH (pHe) environment. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix)
2.	Potassium
3.	Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter
4.	ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA)
5.	Diuretics
6.	3-methylsulfonyl-4-piperidinobenzoyl guanidine
7.	Spironolactone (Aldactone)
8.	hydrochlorothiazide drug combination amiloride
9.	Nifedipine (Adalat)
10.	Calcium

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Nephrectomy
2.	Adrenalectomy
3.	Injections
4.	Resuscitation
5.	Ligation