Obesity-induced hypertension. Renal function and systemic hemodynamics.

Abstract

This study examined the control of renal hemodynamics and tubular function, as well as systemic hemodynamics, during obesity-induced hypertension in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were monitored 24 hours a day using computerized methods, water and electrolyte balances were measured daily, and renal hemodynamics were measured each week during the control period and 5 weeks of a high-fat diet. After 7 to 10 days of control measurements, 0.5 to 0.9 kg of cooked beef fat was added to the regular diet, and sodium intake was maintained constant at 76 mmol/d throughout the study. After 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, body weight increased from 24.0 +/- 1.0 to 35.9 +/- 4.9 kg, mean arterial pressure increased from 83 +/- 5 to 100 +/- 4 mm Hg, cardiac output increased from 2.86 +/- 0.27 to 4.45 +/- 0.55 L/min, and heart rate rose from 68 +/- 5 to 107 +/- 9 beats per minute. Associated with the hypertension was an increase in cumulative sodium balance to 507 +/- 107 mmol after 35 days and a rise in sodium iothalamate space, an index of extracellular fluid volume, to 131 +/- 4% of control. Sodium retention was due to increased tubular reabsorption, because glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow increased throughout the 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, averaging 135 +/- 4% and 149 +/- 19% of control, respectively, during the fifth week of the high-fat diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

• Authors: J E Hall, M W Brands, W N Dixon, M J Smith Jr
• Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) (Hypertension) Vol. 22 Issue 3 Pg. 292-9 (Sep 1993) ISSN: 0194-911X [Print] United States
• PMID: 8349321 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Chlorides
• Dietary Fats
• Water
• Sodium
• Renin

Topics

• Animals
• Body Weight (physiology)
• Cardiac Output (physiology)
• Chlorides (urine)
• Dietary Fats (administration & dosage)
• Dogs
• Glomerular Filtration Rate (physiology)
• Heart Rate (physiology)
• Hemodynamics (physiology)
• Hypertension (blood, etiology, physiopathology, urine)
• Kidney (physiology)
• Obesity (blood, complications, physiopathology, urine)
• Renin (blood)
• Sodium (metabolism)
• Water (metabolism)