Despite the considerable advances in diagnostic methods in medicine, central nervous system (CNS)
tumors, particularly the most common ones-
gliomas-remain incurable, with similar incidence rates and mortality. A growing body of literature has revealed that degradation of the extracellular matrix by
matrix metalloproteinases (
MMPs) might be involved in the pathogenesis of CNS
tumors. However, the subfamily of
MMPs, known as
disintegrin and
metalloproteinase (
ADAM) proteins are unique due to both adhesive and proteolytic activities. The objective of our review is to present the role of ADAMs in CNS
tumors, particularly their involvement in the development of
malignant gliomas. Moreover, we focus on the diagnostic and prognostic significance of selected ADAMs in patients with these
neoplasms. It has been proven that ADAM12, ADAMTS4 and 5 are implicated in the proliferation and invasion of
glioma cells. In addition, ADAM8 and ADAM19 are correlated with the invasive activity of
glioma cells and unfavorable survival, while ADAM9, -10 and -17 are associated with
tumor grade and histological type of
gliomas and can be used as prognostic factors. In conclusion, several ADAMs might serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic
biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for malignant CNS
tumors. However, future research on ADAMs biology should be performed to elucidate new strategies for
tumor diagnosis and treatment of patients with these
malignancies.