East Asian variant aldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 genotype exacerbates ischemia/reperfusion injury with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in men: possible sex differences.

Abstract

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) detoxifies toxic aldehydes generated during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The deficient variant ALDH2 genotype (ALDH2*2) is prevalent among East Asians. Whether ALDH2*2 exacerbates I/R injury of in patients with STEMI is not known. The study subjects comprised 218 Japanese patients with STEMI (158 men and 60 women, mean age 67.9 ± 11.9) who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention. Of these, 120 (55.0%) were the carriers of variant ALDH2*2 and 98 (45.0%) those of wild ALDH2*1/*1 on genotyping. There were no differences in clinical characteristics between the ALDH2*2 and ALDH2*1/*1 group except lower alcohol habit (14.2% vs 46.3%, P < 0.001) in the ALDH2*2 group. The peak plasma levels of creatine phosphokinase myocardial binding (CKMB), a marker of myocardial injury, however, were significantly higher in the patients with ALDH2*2 than in those with ALDH2*1/*1 [a median 275.0 (175.8-407.5) vs 177.5 (126.9-344.3) U/L, P = 0.001] among men but not among women (P = 0.811). There was a significant interaction between men (male sex) and ALDH2*2 for I/R injury (χ2 = 4.425, P = 0.040). The variant ALDH2*2 was associated with more severe I/R injury than the wild ALDH2*1/*1 in STEMI patients in men with possible sex differences.

• Authors: Toshifumi Ishida, Yuichiro Arima, Yuji Mizuno, Eisaku Harada, Takayoshi Yamashita, Daisuke Sueta, Kenji Sakamoto, Satoru Suzuki, Koichi Kaikita, Yoshihiro Yamada, Hideki Shimomura, Kentaro Oniki, Junji Saruwatari, Seiji Hokimoto, Hirofumi Yasue, Kenichi Tsujita
• Journal: Heart and vessels (Heart Vessels) Vol. 37 Issue 2 Pg. 184-193 (Feb 2022) ISSN: 1615-2573 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 34259924 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2021. Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature.

Chemical References

• ALDH2 protein, human
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial

Topics

• Aged
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial (genetics)
• Asian People (genetics)
• Female
• Genotype
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Myocardial Reperfusion Injury (genetics)
• ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (genetics)
• Sex Characteristics