Creatine Kinase (Creatine Phosphokinase)

A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.

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Networked: 6178 relevant articles (128 outcomes, 319 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Finsterer, Josef: 16 articles (02/2014 - 04/2003)
2.	Scaini, Giselli: 13 articles (06/2014 - 02/2008)
3.	Streck, Emilio L: 13 articles (12/2013 - 02/2008)
4.	Galiñanes, Manuel: 11 articles (05/2012 - 10/2002)
5.	Brewster, Lizzy M: 10 articles (07/2015 - 11/2006)
6.	van Montfrans, Gert A: 10 articles (07/2015 - 11/2006)
7.	Nishino, Ichizo: 10 articles (04/2015 - 05/2007)
8.	Thompson, Paul D: 9 articles (05/2015 - 04/2003)
9.	Quevedo, João: 9 articles (11/2014 - 02/2008)
10.	Rezin, Gislaine T: 9 articles (12/2013 - 02/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Ischemia 11/15/2000 - "Preconditioned rat hearts showed improved postischemic function and reduced ischemic damage relative to ischemic controls after 30 min stop-flow ischemia and 30 min reperfusion (contractility: 30+/-10 vs. 2+/-2%; creatine kinase release: 41+/-4 vs. 83+/-15 U/g; both P<0.05). " 07/01/2012 - "IP pretreatment improved cardiac function and coronary blood flow, decreased the activities of creatine kinase by 36.6% after 90 min of ischemia and by 32.8% after 3 h of reperfusion (P<0.05), reduced the no-reflow areas from 49.9% to 11.0% (P<0.01), and attenuated the infarct size from 78.2% to 35.4% (P<0.01). " 08/19/2003 - "In contrast, pretreatment with psi(epsilon)RACK but not deltaV1-1, followed by a 10-minute washout before ischemia/reperfusion, also improved cardiac function and decreased creatine phosphokinase release. " 02/21/2003 - "The administration of HDLs at physiological concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL) during the 10 minutes immediately before ischemia rapidly and remarkably improved postischemic functional recovery and decreased creatine kinase release in the coronary effluent. " 05/10/2013 - "We investigated the presence of circadian dependence of infarct size plotting the peak creatine kinase against time onset of ischemia. "
2.	Myocardial Infarction 02/01/2009 - "In clinical practice, pretreatment with statins was associated with smaller myocardial infarction size (peak creatine kinase level) and a significant reduction of hospital mortality. " 05/01/1998 - "The increased serum level of the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase is a very useful test for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. " 08/01/1980 - "Laboratory generation of creatine kinase isoenzyme tests for patients suspected of having had myocardial infarctions was only partially effective in correcting underuse. " 01/01/2010 - "Upon use of a Cox regression model, ln (AUC-creatine kinase) independently predicted death (P=0.04) and recovery of left ventricular function (P=0.001) at follow-up (mean, 14 mo).Longer door-to-balloon time independently predicts increased myocardial cell damage, and ln (AUC-creatine kinase) predicts improvement in left ventricular systolic function and intermediate-term death after ST-elevation myocardial infarction." 09/24/2010 - "This first systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials of POC in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, demonstrated a significant benefit of POC over standard care for reduction of myocardial infarct size as determined by peak creatine kinase release and left ventricular ejection fraction. "
3.	Pain (Aches) 09/01/1999 - "Strength loss, pain, muscle tenderness, and creatine kinase activity were significantly greater in the stiff compared with the compliant subjects on the days after eccentric exercise. " 09/01/1997 - "Adjunctive treatment with HBO appears to be a feasible and safe treatment for AMI and may result in an attenuated rise in creatine phosphokinase levels and more rapid resolution of pain and ST segment changes." 09/01/2000 - "Rt-PA perfusion was considered to be effective when the three following criteria were simultaneously present: i) pain sedation; ii) regression of the ST dysfunction > 50%; iii) creatine phosphokinase (CPK) peak before the 16th hour. " 09/01/2014 - "Three studies found a positive outcome for a subjective measure of muscle pain, 3 for BLa, 1 for lowering creatine kinase, and only 1 for a performance parameter. " 06/01/1987 - "In the first patient, reperfusion, 160 minutes after the onset of pain, was followed by a transient and limited release of creatine kinase in the coronary sinus, improvement in the electrocardiogram and restitution of left ventricular contraction. "
4.	Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (Muscular Dystrophy, Becker) 06/01/1989 - "While diagnosis is still unacceptably late in most cases, it can be improved if all boys with this pattern of developmental delay are screened for Duchenne muscular dystrophy by measurement of creatine kinase activity." 02/01/1982 - "The mean serum creatine kinase levels before and after exercise, as well as the mean increases, were found to be significantly greater in Duchenne muscular dystrophy carriers than in normal control subjects." 01/01/1987 - "Data obtained from simultaneous determinations of serum creatine-kinase levels and estimation of ultrasound attenuation values in muscles greatly improved the detection of obligate carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy than when only one of these methods was employed alone. " 01/01/1986 - "Screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: an improved screening test for creatine kinase and its application in an infant screening program." 01/01/1983 - "Improved detection of Duchenne muscular dystrophy heterozygotes using discriminant analysis of creatine kinase levels."
5.	Reperfusion Injury 09/01/2011 - "Altered serum creatine kinase level and cardiac function in ischemia-reperfusion injury during percutaneous coronary intervention." 03/01/2005 - "The myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury was evaluated on the basis of total and cardiac creatine kinase isoenzyme activity, functional recovery of the heart (ECG), infarct size (% IS/RA) and mortality at the end of the experiments. " 09/01/2001 - "In addition, the mu-OR decreased creatine kinase (CK) release from the heart during the postischemic period, which was indicative of an increase in the sarcolemma tolerance to reperfusion injury. " 03/27/2001 - "The H(mox-1)(+/)(-) hearts displayed reduced ventricular recovery, increased creatine kinase release, and increased infarct size compared with those of wild-type controls, indicating that these H(mox-1)(+/)(-) hearts were more susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion injury than wild-type controls. " 09/01/1988 - "Creatine kinase release, associated with reperfusion injury, was significantly reduced from a high of 386.8 +/- 78.9 mU/min/g heart wt for controls to 123.7 +/- 82.9 mU/min/g heart wt for heat-shocked hearts at 5 minutes of reperfusion. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (Lactate Dehydrogenase)
2.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
3.	Insulin (Novolin)
4.	Enzymes
5.	Aspartate Aminotransferases (Aspartate Transaminase)
6.	Troponin I
7.	MB Form Creatine Kinase
8.	Myoglobin
9.	Lactic Acid
10.	Alanine Transaminase (SGPT)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Ligation
2.	Induced Heart Arrest (Cardioplegia)
3.	Anesthesia
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL)