The fertility of female animals is negatively correlated with increasing chronological age. In aging broiler breeder hens, there is a decline in the functionality of the ovary and liver accompanied by hormonal or endocrine changes, a reduction in
antioxidant capacity, and a decrease in folliculogenesis. Therefore, improving the reproductive function in aging breeder hens using dietary strategies is of great concern to the poultry breeder. This study evaluated the capacity of dietary
quercetin (Q),
vitamin E (VE), and their combination (Q + VE) to promote follicle development and attenuate organ
inflammation by improving the
antioxidant capacity of aging breeder hens. In this study, 400 broiler breeder hens (Tianfu broilers breeder hens, 435 days old) were allotted into four groups (100 birds each) with four replicates each (25 birds each). They were fed diets containing Q (0.4 g/kg), VE (0.2 g/kg), Q + VE (0.4 g/kg + 0.2 g/kg), and a basal diet for 10 weeks. The results showed that Q + VE improved the organ characteristics (p < 0.05), and also that Q + VE showed protective effects on the liver against injury, as well as increasing the
antioxidant capacity of the liver, serum, and ovary (p < 0.05). Furthermore, liver
lipid synthesis was increased remarkably, as indicated by the changes in
triglyceride levels in hens fed Q + VE (p < 0.05). Levels of E2, FSH, and LH, their receptors, and mRNAs related to yolk precursor synthesis were increased by the Q + VE (p < 0.05). Therefore, the combination of
quercetin and
vitamin E synergistically promotes and regulates the transportation and exchange of synthetic substances among the liver-blood-ovary alliances to ensure the synchronous development and functional coordination between the liver and ovary in aging breeder hens.