Paternal High-Protein Diet Programs Offspring Insulin Sensitivity in a Sex-Specific Manner.
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| Abstract |
The impact of maternal nutrition on offspring is well documented. However, the implication of pre-conceptional paternal nutrition on the metabolic health of the progeny remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the impact of paternal high-protein diet (HPD, 43.2% protein) consumption on the endocrine pancreas and the metabolic phenotype of offspring. Male Wistar rats were given HPD or standard diet (SD, 18.9% protein) for two months. The progenies (F1) were studied at fetal stage and in adulthood. Body weight, glycemia, glucose tolerance (GT), glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo (GIIS) and whole-body insulin sensitivity were assessed in male and female F1 offspring. Insulin sensitivity, GT and GIIS were similar between F1 females from HPD (HPD/F1) and SD fathers (SD/F1). Conversely, male HPD/F1 exhibited increased insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05) and decreased GIIS (p < 0.05) compared to male SD/F1. The improvement of insulin sensitivity in HPD/F1 was sustained even after 2 months of high-fat feeding. In male HPD/F1, the β cell mass was preserved and the β cell plasticity, following metabolic challenge, was enhanced compared to SD/F1. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence of a sex-specific impact of paternal HPD on the insulin sensitivity and GIIS of their descendants, demonstrating that changes in paternal nutrition alter the metabolic status of their progeny in adulthood.
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| Authors | Pengfei Gong, Danielle Bailbé, Lola Bianchi, Gaëlle Pommier, Junjun Liu, Stefania Tolu, Maria G Stathopoulou, Bernard Portha, Valérie Grandjean, Jamileh Movassat |
| Journal | Biomolecules (Biomolecules) Vol. 11 Issue 5 (05 18 2021) ISSN: 2218-273X [Electronic] Switzerland |
| PMID | 34069853 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
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