Extracellular vesicles derived from macrophages display glycyl-tRNA synthetase 1 and exhibit anti-cancer activity.

Abstract

Glycyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (GARS1), a cytosolic enzyme secreted from macrophages, promotes apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying GARS1 secretion has not been elucidated. Here, we report that GARS1 is secreted through unique extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a hydrodynamic diameter of 20-58 nm (mean diameter: 36.9 nm) and a buoyant density of 1.13-1.17 g/ml. GARS1 was anchored to the surface of these EVs through palmitoylated C390 residue. Proteomic analysis identified 164 proteins that were uniquely enriched in the GARS1-containing EVs (GARS1-EVs). Among the identified factors, insulin-like growth factor II receptor, and vimentin also contributed to the anti-cancer activity of GARS1-EVs. This study identified the unique secretory vesicles containing GARS1 and various intracellular factors that are involved in the immunological defence response against tumorigenesis.

• Authors: Peter C Goughnour, Min Chul Park, Sang Bum Kim, Sangmi Jun, Won Suk Yang, Sehyun Chae, Seongmin Cho, Chihong Song, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jae Kyung Hyun, Byung Gyu Kim, Daehee Hwang, Hyun Suk Jung, Yong Song Gho, Sunghoon Kim
• Journal: Journal of extracellular vesicles (J Extracell Vesicles) Vol. 10 Issue 1 Pg. e12029 (11 2020) ISSN: 2001-3078 [Print] United States
• PMID: 33708357 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

Chemical References

• Tumor Suppressor Proteins
• Glycine-tRNA Ligase

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis (immunology)
• Carcinogenesis (immunology)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Extracellular Vesicles (immunology)
• Glycine-tRNA Ligase (immunology)
• Macrophages (immunology)
• Mice
• Neoplasms (immunology)
• RAW 264.7 Cells
• Tumor Suppressor Proteins (immunology)