Estradiol is significantly associated with prognosis in non-surgical liver cancer patients: from bench to bedside.

Abstract	There are rarely systematic studies to analyze the prognostic factors among non-surgical liver cancer patients. Whether there is a gender difference in the survival of non-surgical liver cancer patients and what may cause this difference is still unclear. A total of 12,312 non-surgical liver cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Age, race, sex, grade, tumor TNM stage, marital status, tumor size, and histological type were independent risk factors in liver cancer and were confirmed in the validation cohort. Before menopause, females demonstrated a better mean survival probability than males (39.4±1.4 vs. 32.7±0.8 months, respectively; p<0.001), and continued in post-menopause. The results of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and KEGG pathway analysis showed that there were significant differences in steroid hormone biosynthesis between male and female liver cancer patients. In vitro experiments revealed that estradiol inhibited the proliferation of hepatocellular cancer cell lines and increased apoptosis, but estrone exerted no effect. In conclusion, gender differences in prognosis among non-surgical liver cancer patients were confirmed and attributable primarily to estradiol.
Authors	Rangrang Wang, Yuan Liu, Hongze Sun, Tao Wang, Changcan Li, Junwei Fan, Zhaowen Wang
Journal	Aging (Aging (Albany NY)) Vol. 13 Issue 3 Pg. 3483-3500 (01 10 2021) ISSN: 1945-4589 [Electronic] United States
PMID	33428602 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Estrone Estradiol
Topics	Adult Black or African American Aged Bile Duct Neoplasms (mortality, pathology) Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (mortality, pathology) Cell Line, Tumor Cholangiocarcinoma (mortality, pathology) Estradiol (metabolism, pharmacology) Estrone (pharmacology) Ethnicity Female Humans Liver Neoplasms (mortality, pathology) Male Marital Status Middle Aged Neoplasm Grading Neoplasm Staging Postmenopause (metabolism) Premenopause (metabolism) Prognosis Proportional Hazards Models SEER Program Sex Factors Survival Rate Tumor Burden White People

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