Hormones

Chemical substances having a specific regulatory effect on the activity of a certain organ or organs. The term was originally applied to substances secreted by various ENDOCRINE GLANDS and transported in the bloodstream to the target organs. It is sometimes extended to include those substances that are not produced by the endocrine glands but that have similar effects.

Also Known As:

Networked: 60571 relevant articles (2019 outcomes, 7116 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Hankinson, Susan E: 94 articles (09/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Kaaks, Rudolf: 72 articles (12/2015 - 06/2002)
3.	Bernstein, Leslie: 66 articles (11/2015 - 01/2002)
4.	Chlebowski, Rowan T: 60 articles (09/2015 - 08/2002)
5.	Stanczyk, Frank Z: 59 articles (10/2015 - 04/2002)
6.	Hortobagyi, Gabriel N: 59 articles (04/2015 - 10/2002)
7.	Riboli, Elio: 57 articles (02/2016 - 05/2003)
8.	Brinton, Louise A: 56 articles (09/2015 - 06/2002)
9.	Trichopoulos, Dimitrios: 54 articles (12/2015 - 01/2002)
10.	Manson, JoAnn E: 51 articles (11/2015 - 03/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 12/01/2014 - "Most breast cancers are amenable to adjuvant therapies that target hormone receptors or HER2 receptors on the surface of the cancer cells and bring about significant improvement in survival. " 01/01/2011 - "Both of the primary investigations at our disposal, ultrasound and blood tests (adrenal hormones), helped in rendering the diagnosis and allowed us to move toward the most appropriate treatment, taking into account the size of the tumor and its probable hormonal production." 05/01/2009 - "C57BR/cdJ (BR) females are extremely susceptible to spontaneous and chemically induced liver tumors, in part due to a lack of protection against hepatocarcinogenesis normally offered by ovarian hormones. " 07/01/2005 - "Our in vitro results show that salicylhydrazides are highly potent compounds effective in both hormone receptor-positive and -negative cancer cells. " 11/01/2002 - "Whilst opinion remains divided on the best treatment for localized disease, intervention for metastatic, hormone-independent cancer remains extremely limited. "
2.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 07/01/2008 - "Our understanding of the biology of hormone refractory prostate cancer has improved dramatically over the past few years and has translated into the developments of new therapeutic targets for this disease. " 10/15/2006 - "Despite the initial efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy, most patients with advanced prostate cancer eventually progress to hormone-refractory prostate cancer, for which there is no curative therapy. " 08/01/2006 - "There is no effective cure for late-stage hormone (androgen) refractory prostate cancer. " 12/01/1984 - "In some clinical trials the use of criteria of stable response of hormone-escaped prostate cancer is justified on the ground that it delineates patients with markedly improved survival, similar to that of partial regression patients. " 05/15/2009 - "Therefore, we hypothesized that survivin may play a potentially important role in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and bone metastatic disease; thus, targeting of survivin signaling could enhance therapeutic efficacy in prostate cancer. "
3.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 01/01/2007 - "Our data indicate that hCG, like pregnancy, induces permanent genomic changes that are not reproduced by steroid hormones and in addition regulates gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms that are differentiation-dependent processes, leading us to conclude that hormonally induced differentiation offers enormous promise for the primary prevention of breast cancer." 02/07/2004 - "We report the findings of the safety analysis in HABITS (hormonal replacement therapy after breast cancer--is it safe?), an open randomised clinical trial with allocation to either HRT or best treatment without hormones. " 01/01/2003 - "The assessment of steroid hormone receptors in resected breast cancer tissues is essential to decide whether endocrine therapy is indicated and to select the best treatment for each patient on the basis of receptor status. " 08/01/2002 - "Currently it is the most widely used agent for first line treatment against hormone sensitive metastatic breast cancer and the only approved hormonal agent for adjuvant treatment of organ confined breast cancer. " 02/01/2016 - "Understanding the molecular pathways that regulate the hormone sensitivity of breast cancer cells is important to improving the efficacy of endocrine therapy. "
4.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis) 11/01/2007 - "In some prospective studies, neoadjuvant hormones prior to external beam radiation therapy have been shown to significantly improve disease-free, disease-specific and overall survival as well as to reduce local recurrence or metastases. " 08/01/2014 - "In addition to hormone receptor and HER2 status, multiple other factors are predictive of relatively poorer clinical outcomes, including visceral metastasis, short disease-free interval between the end of treatment for early-stage disease and diagnosis of MBC, and higher number of metastatic sites. " 07/25/1991 - "In conclusion, age, 131I whole body scanning and serum thyroid hormone concentrations are considered to be useful in predicting the efficacy of 131I treatment for distant metastases, especially in the lung." 08/01/2015 - "The poor prognostic factors were disease-free interval (DFI) (<3 years) with HR =1.70 (95% CI: 1.37-2.10), resection of metastases (incomplete) with HR =2.06 (95% CI: 1.63-2.62), No. of pulmonary metastases (>1) with HR =1.31 (95% CI: 1.13-1.50) and the hormone receptor status of metastases (negative) with HR =2.30 (95% CI: 1.43-3.70). " 09/01/2014 - "Radiological features and immunohistochemistry especially for steroid hormone receptors (ER/PR) and expression of gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP) and presence of other immunohistochemistry protein factors in breast metastasis which are specific to primary site may be helpful in differentiating these two conditions. "
5.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 04/01/1982 - " The prognosis for breast carcinoma developing in hormone users is improved, most likely because of an earlier detection. " 02/01/2012 - "In the group of all 3,896 (84.0%) patients with hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) breast carcinomas a significant reduction in RFS was demonstrated for those who were obese (P = 0.002; HR = 1.45 (95% CI: 1.15-1.83)), also after adjustment for Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (P = 0.028; HR = 1.30 (95% CI: 1.03-1.65)). " 05/01/2004 - "Statistical correlations were sought with clinicopathological variables (including hormone receptor status) and disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a well documented series of 181 invasive breast carcinomas. " 01/01/1994 - "The unavailability of effective treatment for metastatic hormone-refractory and clinically localized but pathologically unfavorable prostatic carcinoma warrants trial of new and promising treatments. " 01/01/1992 - "The unavailability of effective treatment of metastatic hormone refractory prostatic carcinoma warrants trials of new and promising treatments. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Tamoxifen
2.	Estrogens (Estrogen)
3.	docetaxel (Taxotere)
4.	Aromatase Inhibitors
5.	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
6.	anastrozole (Arimidex)
7.	Insulin (Novolin)
8.	letrozole (Femara)
9.	Aromatase (CYP19)
10.	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Radiotherapy
3.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy
4.	Castration
5.	Ovariectomy (Oophorectomy)