Extracellular-vesicles delivered tumor-specific sequential nanocatalysts can be used for MRI-informed nanocatalytic Therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract

Background: Conventional therapeutic strategies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a great challenge, therefore the alternative therapeutic modality for specific and efficient HCC suppression is urgently needed. Methods: In this work, HCC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) were applied as surface nanocarrier for sequential nanocatalysts GOD-ESIONs@EVs (GE@EVs) of tumor-specific and cascade nanocatalytic therapy against HCC. By enhancing the intracellular endocytosis through arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-targeting effect and membrane fusion, sequential nanocatalysts led to more efficient treatment in the HCC tumor region in a shorter period of time. Results: Through glucose consumption as catalyzed by the loaded glucose oxidase (GOD) to overproduce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), highly toxic hydroxyl radicals were generated by Fenton-like reaction as catalyzed by ESIONs, which was achieved under the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment, enabling the stimuli of the apoptosis and necrosis of HCC cells. This strategy demonstrated the high active-targeting capability of GE@EVs into HCC, achieving highly efficient tumor suppression both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the as-synthesized nanoreactor could act as a desirable nanoscale contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging, which exhibited desirable imaging capability during the sequential nanocatalytic treatment. Conclusion: This application of surface-engineering EVs not only proves the high-performance catalytic therapeutic modality of GE@EVs for HCC, but also broadens the versatile bio-applications of EVs.

• Authors: Han Wu, Hao Xing, Meng-Chao Wu, Feng Shen, Yu Chen, Tian Yang
• Journal: Theranostics (Theranostics) Vol. 11 Issue 1 Pg. 64-78 ( 2021) ISSN: 1838-7640 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 33391461 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The author(s).

Chemical References

• Drug Carriers
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Hydroxyl Radical
• Hydrogen Peroxide
• Glucose Oxidase

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (drug therapy)
• Catalysis
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Drug Carriers
• Extracellular Vesicles (metabolism, ultrastructure)
• Female
• Glucose Oxidase (administration & dosage)
• Humans
• Hydrogen Peroxide (metabolism)
• Hydroxyl Radical (metabolism)
• Liver Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (administration & dosage)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Mice
• Mice, Nude
• Neoplasm Transplantation
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Tumor Microenvironment (drug effects)