Effects of inter-alpha inhibitor proteins on brain injury after exposure of neonatal rats to severe hypoxia-ischemia.

Abstract

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the most common neurological problems occurring in premature and full-term infants after perinatal complications. Hypothermia is the only treatment approved for HI encephalopathy in newborns. However, this treatment is only partially protective, cannot be used to treat premature infants, and has limited efficacy to treat severe HI encephalopathy. Inflammation contributes to the evolution of HI brain injury in neonates. Inter-alpha Inhibitor Proteins (IAIPs) are immunomodulatory proteins that have neuroprotective properties after exposure to moderate HI in neonatal rats. The objective of the current study was to determine the neuroprotective efficacy of treatment with IAIPs starting immediately after or with a delay of one hour after exposure to severe HI of 120 min duration. One hundred and forty-six 7-day-old rat pups were randomized to sham control, HI and immediate treatment with IAIPs (60 mg/kg) or placebo (PL), and sham, HI and delayed treatment with IAIPs or PL. IAIPs or PL were given at zero, 24, and 48 h after HI or 1, 24 and 48 h after HI. Total brain infarct volume was determined 72 h after exposure to HI. Treatment with IAIPs immediately after HI decreased (P < 0.05) infarct volumes by 58.0% and 44.5% in male and female neonatal rats, respectively. Delayed treatment with IAIPs after HI decreased (P < 0.05) infarct volumes by 23.7% in male, but not in female rats. We conclude that IAIPs exert neuroprotective effects even after exposure to severe HI in neonatal rats and appear to exhibit some sex-related differential effects.

• Authors: Stephanie Schuffels, Sakura Nakada, Yuqi Wu, Yow-Pin Lim, Xiaodi Chen, Barbara S Stonestreet
• Journal: Experimental neurology (Exp Neurol) Vol. 334 Pg. 113442 (12 2020) ISSN: 1090-2430 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32896573 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Alpha-Globulins
• inter-alpha-inhibitor

Topics

• Alpha-Globulins (administration & dosage, metabolism)
• Animals
• Animals, Newborn
• Brain Injuries (etiology, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Female
• Humans
• Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain (complications, drug therapy, metabolism)
• Male
• Neuroprotection (drug effects, physiology)
• Pregnancy
• Random Allocation
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Severity of Illness Index