Spring
viremia of carp virus (SVCV) causes devastating disease in aquaculture, resulting in significant economic impact. To develop an effective means against SVCV
infection, a Lactococcus lactis (L.lactis) based
subunit vaccine (pNZ-UGA) was developed based on surface displaying of SVCV
glycoprotein using anchoring motif of the cA (C terminus of the peptidoglyvsn-binding) domains of AcmA, a major
autolysin from L.lactis. The surface expression of SVCV
glycoprotein was verified by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The efficacy of the constructed
vaccine was further evaluated in common carp. The results showed that the higher levels of specific
IgM could be detected in fish vaccinated with pNZ-UGA, compared with that in PBS and L.lactis groups. Immune-related genes including TNF-α, IL-6b, IL-1β, Cxcr 1, Cxca, IFNg2b, I-IFN, and
IgM expression in pNZ-UGA group were strongly up-regulated, revealing that robust innate immune response was induced. Notably, the lowest cumulative mortality (13.46%) was observed in fish vaccinated with pNZ-UGA
vaccine after SVCV challenge, whereas the cumulative mortality were 100.00% and 92.31% in PBS and L.lactis groups, respectively. This study suggests the potential use of the recombinant L.lactis with surface displaying
antigen proteins as effective
vaccines against SVCV and other fish
virus infection.