Triptolide inhibits epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and induces apoptosis in gefitinib‑resistant lung cancer cells.

Abstract

The epidermal growth factor receptor‑tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‑TKI), gefitinib, is used widely to treat non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR‑activating mutations. Unfortunately, the acquired drug resistance promoted by epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) markedly limits the clinical effects and remains a major barrier to a cure. Our previous isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation‑based proteomics analysis revealed that the E‑cadherin protein level was markedly upregulated by triptolide (TP). The present study aimed to determine whether TP reverses the gefitinib resistance of human lung cancer cells by regulating EMT. It was revealed that TP combined with gefitinib synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549; the combination treatment had a significantly better outcome than that of TP and gefitinib alone. Moreover, TP effectively increased the sensitivity of drug resistant A549 cells to gefitinib by upregulating E‑cadherin protein expression and downregulating the MMP9, SNAIL, and vimentin expression levels. The dysregulated E‑cadherin expression of gefitinib‑sensitive cells induced gefitinib resistance, which could be overcome by TP. Finally, TP combined with gefitinib significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors induced using gefitinib‑resistant A549 cells, which was associated with EMT reversal and E‑cadherin signaling activation in vivo. The present results indicated that the combination of TP and TKIs may be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat patients with NSCLCs harboring EGFR mutations.

• Authors: Fangqiong Li, Huaizhong Cui, Xin Jin, Xiaoting Gong, Wei Wang, Juan Wang
• Journal: Oncology reports (Oncol Rep) Vol. 43 Issue 5 Pg. 1569-1579 (05 2020) ISSN: 1791-2431 [Electronic] Greece
• PMID: 32323848 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antigens, CD
• CDH1 protein, human
• Cadherins
• Diterpenes
• Epoxy Compounds
• Phenanthrenes
• triptolide
• Gefitinib

Topics

• A549 Cells
• Adenocarcinoma of Lung (drug therapy, genetics)
• Animals
• Antigens, CD (genetics)
• Cadherins (genetics)
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Diterpenes (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Drug Resistance, Neoplasm (drug effects)
• Drug Synergism
• Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (drug effects)
• Epoxy Compounds (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Gefitinib (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic (drug effects)
• Humans
• Lung Neoplasms (drug therapy, genetics)
• Male
• Mice
• Phenanthrenes (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays