Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Enriched Phosphoethanolamine Plasmalogens Alleviated Atherosclerosis by Remodeling Gut Microbiota to Regulate Bile Acid Metabolism in LDLR-/- Mice.
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| Abstract |
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-enriched phosphoethanolamine plasmalogens (EPA-PlsEtns) might be retained in the intestine rich in gut microbiota for a long time after treatment. It reminded us that EPA-PlsEtns might affect intestinal microbiota composition and its metabolites, which have been identified as a contributing factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, EPA-PlsEtn administration for 8 weeks significantly reduced the atherosclerotic lesion area in low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (LDLR-/-) mice. Notably, the serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly reduced by 33.6 and 38.2%, respectively, by EPA-PlsEtns instead of EPA in the form of ethyl ester (EPA-EE) treatment compared with the model group. EPA-PlsEtn administration also increased total neutral sterol and bile acids in feces by 92 and 39%, respectively, rather than EPA-EE. Mechanistically, EPA-PlsEtns might affect the abundance of gut microbiota contributing to the alteration of bile acid profiles, which might further accelerate bile acid synthesis via increasing cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase expression induced by the inhibition of farnesoid X receptor activation.
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| Authors | Lin Ding, Ling-Yu Zhang, Hao-Hao Shi, Cheng-Cheng Wang, Xiao-Ming Jiang, Chang-Hu Xue, Teruyoshi Yanagita, Tian-Tian Zhang, Yu-Ming Wang |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 68 Issue 19 Pg. 5339-5348 (May 13 2020) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States |
| PMID | 32306729 (Publication Type: Journal Article) |
| Chemical References |
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