Nutritional supplementation with
antioxidants and
vitamins is widely recommended in the treatment of vascular disorders affecting the retina, although there is insufficient evidence on its effectiveness. The
vitamin-like compound
coenzyme Q10 (
CoQ10) is a nutritional supplement of current interest to treat
neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report a retrospective clinical case series study of 48 patients diagnosed with
retinal vascular diseases, including non-arteritic
ischemic optic neuropathy (
NAION),
retinal artery occlusion (RAO), and
homonymous hemianopia or
quadrantanopia following
stroke, treated with oral supplementation with
CoQ10 (100 mg per day) and
vitamins. Patient follow-up was performed using the Humphrey field analyzer and 30-2 testing algorithm to determine the visual field index (VFI) and progression rates. All treated patients showed positive VFI progression rates per year: +11.5 ± 15% for
NAION patients (n = 18), +22 ± 17% for RAO patients (n = 7), +9.3 ± 10.5% for
hemianopia/
quadrantanopia patients (n = 10), and +11 ± 21% for patients with other conditions (n = 13). The interruption of
CoQ10 supplementation in one patient resulted in a pronounced decrease of the VFI, which was partially recovered when treatment was restored. This study supports the role of
CoQ10 as a nutritional therapeutic agent for
vascular diseases affecting the retina. Owing to decreased VFI after interruption of
CoQ10, its beneficial effects may be reversible.