Comparative study on the effects of salinomycin, monensin and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid on the concentrations of lead, calcium, copper, iron and zinc in lungs and heart in lead-exposed mice.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM:

Environmental lead (Pb) exposure damages the lungs and is a risk factor for death from cardiovascular disease. Pb induces toxicity by a mechanism, which involves alteration of the essential elements homeostasis. In this study we compare the effects of salinomycin (Sal), monensin (Mon) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) on the concentrations of lead (Pb), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in the lungs and heart of lead-exposed mice.

METHODS:

Sixty days old male ICR mice were divided into five groups: control (Ctrl) - untreated mice obtained distilled water for 28 days; Pb-intoxicated group (Pb) - exposed to 80 mg/kg body weight (BW) Pb(NO3)2 during the first 14 days of the experimental protocol; DMSA-treated (Pb + DMSA) - Pb-exposed mice, subjected to treatment with an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg BW DMSA for two weeks; Monensin-treated (Pb + Mon) - Pb-exposed mice, obtained an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg BW tetraethylammonium salt of monensic acid for 14 days; Pb + Sal - Pb-exposed mice, treated with an average daily dose of 20 mg/kg BW tetraethylammonium salt of salinomycinic acid for two weeks. On the 29th day of the experiment the samples (lungs and heart) were taken for atomic absorption analysis.

RESULTS:

The results revealed that exposure of mice to Pb for 14 days significantly increased the concentration of the toxic metal in both organs and elevated the cardiac concentrations of Ca, Cu and Fe compared to untreated mice. Pb exposure diminished the lung concentrations of Ca and Zn compared to that of untreated controls. DMSA, monensin and salinomycin decreased the concentration of Pb in the lungs and heart. Among the tested chelating agents, only salinomycin restored the cardiac Fe concentration to normal control values.

CONCLUSION:

The results demonstrated the potential application of polyether ionophorous antibiotic salinomycin as antidote for treatment of Pb-induced toxicity in the lungs and heart. The possible complexation of the polyether ionophorous antibiotics with Ca(II) and Zn(II), which can diminish the endogenous concentrations of both ions in the lungs should be taken into account.

• Authors: Juliana Ivanova, Kalina Kamenova, Emilia Petrova, Ivelin Vladov, Yordanka Gluhcheva, Petar Dorkov
• Journal: Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) (J Trace Elem Med Biol) Vol. 58 Pg. 126429 (Mar 2020) ISSN: 1878-3252 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 31760328 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Metals, Heavy
• Pyrans
• Lead
• salinomycin
• Copper
• Monensin
• Succimer
• Iron
• Zinc
• Calcium

Topics

• Animals
• Calcium (metabolism)
• Copper (metabolism)
• Iron (metabolism)
• Lead (metabolism)
• Lead Poisoning (metabolism)
• Lung (metabolism)
• Male
• Metals, Heavy (metabolism)
• Mice, Inbred ICR
• Monensin (pharmacology)
• Myocardium (metabolism)
• Pyrans (pharmacology)
• Succimer (pharmacology)
• Zinc (metabolism)