Inflammation and acute traffic-related air pollution exposures among a cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Evidence remains equivocal regarding the association of inflammation, a precursor to cardiovascular disease, and acute exposures to ambient air pollution from traffic-related particulate matter. Though youth with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease, the relationship of inflammation and ambient air pollution exposures in this population has received little attention.

OBJECTIVES:

Using five geographically diverse US sites from the racially- and ethnically-diverse SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort, we examined the relationship of acute exposures to PM2.5 mass, Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System (ADMS)-Roads traffic-related PM concentrations near roadways, and elemental carbon (EC) with biomarkers of inflammation including interleukin-6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and fibrinogen.

METHODS:

Baseline questionnaires and blood were obtained at a study visit. Using a spatio-temporal modeling approach, pollutant exposures for 7 days prior to blood draw were assigned to residential addresses. Linear mixed models for each outcome and exposure were adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors identified a priori.

RESULTS:

Among the 2566 participants with complete data, fully-adjusted models showed positive associations of EC average week exposures with IL-6 and hs-CRP, and PM2.5 mass exposures on lag day 3 with IL-6 levels. Comparing the 25th and 75th percentiles of average week EC exposures resulted in 8.3% higher IL-6 (95%CI: 2.7%,14.3%) and 9.8% higher hs-CRP (95%CI: 2.4%,17.7%). We observed some evidence of effect modification for the relationships of PM2.5 mass exposures with hs-CRP by gender and with IL-6 by race/ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS:

Indicators of inflammation were associated with estimated traffic-related air pollutant exposures in this study population of youth with type 1 diabetes. Thus youth with type 1 diabetes may be at increased risk of air pollution-related inflammation. These findings and the racial/ethnic and gender differences observed deserve further exploration.

• Authors: Robin C Puett, Jeff D Yanosky, Murray A Mittleman, Jessica Montresor-Lopez, Ronny A Bell, Tessa L Crume, Dana Dabelea, Lawrence M Dolan, Ralph B D'Agostino Jr, Santica M Marcovina, Catherine Pihoker, Kristi Reynolds, Elaine Urbina, Angela D Liese
• Journal: Environment international (Environ Int) Vol. 132 Pg. 105064 (11 2019) ISSN: 1873-6750 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 31419765 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Air Pollutants
• Biomarkers
• IL6 protein, human
• Interleukin-6
• Particulate Matter
• Vehicle Emissions
• Carbon
• Fibrinogen
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Adolescent
• Air Pollutants (analysis)
• Air Pollution (analysis)
• Biomarkers (blood)
• C-Reactive Protein (analysis)
• Carbon (analysis)
• Child
• Cohort Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (blood, epidemiology)
• Environmental Exposure (analysis)
• Female
• Fibrinogen (analysis)
• Humans
• Inflammation (blood, epidemiology)
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Male
• Particulate Matter (analysis)
• United States (epidemiology)
• Vehicle Emissions (analysis)