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Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the spike protein of genotype 2b porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: A platform for vaccine development against emerging epidemic isolates.

Abstract
Emerging porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses (PEDVs) have caused large economic losses since 2010, and G2b is the prevalent globally epidemic genotype. Given the fastidious isolation of emerging PEDV in cell culture and difficulties in retaining the isolate infectivity upon further in vitro passage, highly attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSVMT) was used as a vector to express the PEDV spike (S) protein, aiming to develop a subunit vaccine against G2b viruses. An S protein with 19 of its cytoplasmic domain amino acids deleted could be incorporated into VSV particles, generating rVSVMT (VSVMT-SΔ19) with high efficiency. Our results suggest that VSVMT-SΔ19 could effectively induce PEDV-specific immunity in pigs via intramuscular, but not intranasal, immunization. Notably, immunizations of sows with VSV MT-SΔ19 provided protective lactogenic immunity against a virulent G2b PEDV challenge in piglets. Consequently, recombinant VSVMT may be a promising platform for preparing a subunit vaccine against PEDV.
AuthorsYong Ke, Dayi Yu, Fanqing Zhang, Jing Gao, Xiaoyu Wang, Xinkui Fang, Hengan Wang, Tao Sun
JournalVirology (Virology) Vol. 533 Pg. 77-85 (07 2019) ISSN: 1096-0341 [Electronic] United States
PMID31128495 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Viral Vaccines
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing (immunology)
  • Antibodies, Viral (immunology)
  • Coronavirus Infections (immunology, prevention & control, veterinary, virology)
  • Female
  • Gene Expression
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (classification, genetics, immunology)
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (administration & dosage, genetics, immunology)
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases (immunology, prevention & control, virology)
  • Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (genetics, metabolism)
  • Viral Vaccines (administration & dosage, genetics, immunology)

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