Identification of seven novel loci associated with amino acid levels using single-variant and gene-based tests in 8545 Finnish men from the METSIM study.

Abstract

Comprehensive metabolite profiling captures many highly heritable traits, including amino acid levels, which are potentially sensitive biomarkers for disease pathogenesis. To better understand the contribution of genetic variation to amino acid levels, we performed single variant and gene-based tests of association between nine serum amino acids (alanine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and valine) and 16.6 million genotyped and imputed variants in 8545 non-diabetic Finnish men from the METabolic Syndrome In Men (METSIM) study with replication in Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC1966). We identified five novel loci associated with amino acid levels (P = < 5×10-8): LOC157273/PPP1R3B with glycine (rs9987289, P = 2.3×10-26); ZFHX3 (chr16:73326579, minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.42%, P = 3.6×10-9), LIPC (rs10468017, P = 1.5×10-8), and WWOX (rs9937914, P = 3.8×10-8) with alanine; and TRIB1 with tyrosine (rs28601761, P = 8×10-9). Gene-based tests identified two novel genes harboring missense variants of MAF <1% that show aggregate association with amino acid levels: PYCR1 with glycine (Pgene = 1.5×10-6) and BCAT2 with valine (Pgene = 7.4×10-7); neither gene was implicated by single variant association tests. These findings are among the first applications of gene-based tests to identify new loci for amino acid levels. In addition to the seven novel gene associations, we identified five independent signals at established amino acid loci, including two rare variant signals at GLDC (rs138640017, MAF=0.95%, Pconditional = 5.8×10-40) with glycine levels and HAL (rs141635447, MAF = 0.46%, Pconditional = 9.4×10-11) with histidine levels. Examination of all single variant association results in our data revealed a strong inverse relationship between effect size and MAF (Ptrend<0.001). These novel signals provide further insight into the molecular mechanisms of amino acid metabolism and potentially, their perturbations in disease.

• Authors: Tanya M Teslovich, Daniel Seung Kim, Xianyong Yin, Alena Stancáková, Anne U Jackson, Matthias Wielscher, Adam Naj, John R B Perry, Jeroen R Huyghe, Heather M Stringham, James P Davis, Chelsea K Raulerson, Ryan P Welch, Christian Fuchsberger, Adam E Locke, Xueling Sim, Peter S Chines, Narisu Narisu, Antti J Kangas, Pasi Soininen, Genetics of Obesity-Related Liver Disease Consortium (GOLD), The Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC), The DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM), Mika Ala-Korpela, Vilmundur Gudnason, Solomon K Musani, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Gerard D Schellenberg, Elizabeth K Speliotes, Johanna Kuusisto, Francis S Collins, Michael Boehnke, Markku Laakso, Karen L Mohlke
• Journal: Human molecular genetics (Hum Mol Genet) Vol. 27 Issue 9 Pg. 1664-1674 (05 01 2018) ISSN: 1460-2083 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 29481666 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Amino Acids

Topics

• Amino Acids (metabolism)
• Finland
• Gene Frequency (genetics)
• Genome-Wide Association Study (methods)
• Genotype
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged