Microbiota, metabolome, and immune alterations in obese mice fed a high-fat diet containing type 2 resistant starch.

Abstract

SCOPE:

We examined the intestinal and systemic responses to incorporating a type 2 resistant starch (RS) into a high fat diet fed to obese mice.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Diet-induced obese, C57BL/6J male mice were fed an HF diet without or with 20% (by weight) high-amylose maize resistant starch (HF-RS) for 6 weeks. Serum adiponectin levels were higher with RS consumption, but there were no differences in weight gain and adiposity. With HF-RS, the expression levels of ileal TLR2 and Reg3g and cecal occludin, TLR2, TLR4, NOD1 and NOD2 were induced; whereas colonic concentrations of the inflammatory cytokine IL-17A declined. The intestinal, serum, liver, and urinary metabolomes were also altered. HF-RS resulted in lower amino acid concentrations, including lower serum branched chain amino acids, and increased quantities of urinary di/trimethylamine, 3-indoxylsulfate, and phenylacetylglycine. Corresponding to these changes were enrichments in Bacteroidetes (S24-7 family) and certain Firmicutes taxa (Lactobacillales and Erysipelotrichaceae) with the HF-RS diet. Parabacteroides and S24-7 positively associated with cecal maltose concentrations. These taxa and Erysipelotrichaceae, Allobaculum, and Bifidobacterium were directly correlated with uremic metabolites.

CONCLUSION:

Consumption of RS modified the intestinal microbiota, stimulated intestinal immunity and endocrine-responses, and modified systemic metabolomes in obese mice consuming an otherwise obesogenic diet.

• Authors: Javad Barouei, Zach Bendiks, Alice Martinic, Darya Mishchuk, Dustin Heeney, Yu-Hsin Hsieh, Dorothy Kieffer, Jose Zaragoza, Roy Martin, Carolyn Slupsky, Maria L Marco
• Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research (Mol Nutr Food Res) Vol. 61 Issue 11 (11 2017) ISSN: 1613-4133 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 28736992 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Chemical References

• Adiponectin
• Adipoq protein, rat
• Biomarkers
• Resistant Starch
• high-amylose maize type 2 resistant starch, maize
• Starch

Topics

• Adiponectin (blood)
• Animals
• Bacteroidetes (growth & development, immunology, isolation & purification, physiology)
• Biomarkers (blood, metabolism, urine)
• Cecum (immunology, metabolism, microbiology)
• Diet, Carbohydrate Loading (adverse effects)
• Diet, High-Fat (adverse effects)
• Digestion
• Dysbiosis (etiology, immunology, metabolism, microbiology)
• Firmicutes (growth & development, immunology, isolation & purification, physiology)
• Gene Expression Profiling
• Gene Expression Regulation
• Ileum (immunology, metabolism, microbiology)
• Immunity, Mucosal
• Intestinal Mucosa (immunology, metabolism, microbiology)
• Liver (immunology, metabolism)
• Male
• Metabolomics (methods)
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Obesity (etiology, immunology, metabolism, microbiology)
• Principal Component Analysis
• Resistant Starch
• Starch (adverse effects, analogs & derivatives, metabolism)