Dietary Phytochemicals Promote Health by Enhancing Antioxidant Defence in a Pig Model.

Abstract

Phytochemical-rich diets are protective against chronic diseases and mediate their protective effect by regulation of oxidative stress (OS). However, it is proposed that under some circumstances, phytochemicals can promote production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, which might drive OS-mediated signalling. Here, we investigated the effects of administering single doses of extracts of red cabbage and grape skin to pigs. Blood samples taken at baseline and 30 min intervals for 4 hours following intake were analyzed by measures of antioxidant status in plasma, including Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. In addition, dose-dependent production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by the same extracts was measured in untreated commercial pig plasma in vitro. Plasma from treated pigs showed extract dose-dependent increases in non-enzymatic (plasma TEAC) and enzymatic (GPx) antioxidant capacities. Similarly, extract dose-dependent increases in H₂O₂ were observed in commercial pig plasma in vitro. The antioxidant responses to extracts by treated pigs were highly correlated with their respective yields of H₂O₂ production in vitro. These results support that dietary phytochemicals regulate OS via direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms. The latter may be attributed to the ability to produce H₂O₂ and to thereby stimulate cellular antioxidant defence systems.

• Authors: Sophie N B Selby-Pham, Jeremy J Cottrell, Frank R Dunshea, Ken Ng, Louise E Bennett, Kate S Howell
• Journal: Nutrients (Nutrients) Vol. 9 Issue 7 (Jul 14 2017) ISSN: 2072-6643 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 28708113 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Phytochemicals
• Plant Extracts
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Hydrogen Peroxide
• Glutathione Peroxidase

Topics

• Animals
• Antioxidants (administration & dosage, analysis)
• Brassica (chemistry)
• Diet
• Female
• Fruit (chemistry)
• Glutathione Peroxidase (blood)
• Health Promotion
• Humans
• Hydrogen Peroxide (blood, chemistry)
• Models, Animal
• Oxidation-Reduction
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Phytochemicals (administration & dosage, pharmacokinetics)
• Plant Extracts (administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacokinetics)
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Sus scrofa
• Vitis (chemistry)