The risk of plasma vitamin A, C, E and D deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome: A case-control study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The increasing incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity or diabetes have made them a major public health problem. Increasing oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species, which initiate the oxidative adverse changes in the cell, is mentioned, among other risk factors, to underlie these diseases. Vitamin A, C and E are listed among the non-enzymatic mechanisms counteracting this phenomenon. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of the study was to assess the risk of vitamin A, C, E and D deficit in the plasma of metabolic syndrome (MS) patients.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The study included 191 patients with MS and 98 subjects without MS. Loglinear analysis was used in the assessment of mutual interactions between the vitamin concentration and the analysis of classification by ROC curves to predict the frequency of vitamin deficiency in MS patients.

RESULTS:

A correlation was found between the plasma level of vitamins in the group of MS patients. Vitamin A concentration correlated with that of vitamin C (r = 0.51, p = 0.0000), vitamin D (r = 0.49, p = 0.0000) and E (r = 0.32, p = 0.0001). The plasma level of vitamin D correlated with the level of vitamin E (r = 0.46, p = 0.00000) and vitamin C (r = 0.37, p = 0.0000). Regression analysis showed a correlation between the concentration of the tested vitamins in patients with MS. Interactions were observed between vitamins C and A and between C and D. HDL cholesterol level was lower in patients with vitamin A deficiency compared to patients with its normal level.

CONCLUSIONS:

The plasma levels of vitamin A, C, E and D were significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy subjects and they mutually correlated with each other. The normalization of glucose and HDL level may contribute to the regulation of the concentration of vitamin A in patients with MS.

• Authors: Małgorzata Godala, Izabela Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz, Dariusz Moczulski, Maciej Rutkowski, Franciszek Szatko, Ewelina Gaszyńska, Sławomir Tokarski, Jan Kowalski
• Journal: Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University (Adv Clin Exp Med) Vol. 26 Issue 4 Pg. 581-586 (Jul 2017) ISSN: 1899-5276 [Print] Poland
• PMID: 28691410 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Cholesterol, HDL
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin E
• Ascorbic Acid

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Ascorbic Acid (blood)
• Ascorbic Acid Deficiency (etiology)
• Case-Control Studies
• Cholesterol, HDL (blood)
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (blood, complications)
• Middle Aged
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Risk
• Vitamin A (blood)
• Vitamin A Deficiency (etiology)
• Vitamin D (blood)
• Vitamin D Deficiency (etiology)
• Vitamin E (blood)
• Vitamin E Deficiency (etiology)