The Treatment and Follow-Up of Anti-LGI1 Limbic Encephalitis.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to retrospectively study clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up visits in patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated-1 (LGI1) limbic encephalitis (LE) for prompting the early diagnosis and efficacious treatment of this disease.

METHODS:

Four anti-LGI1 LE patients were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology at the First Hospital of Jilin University. Data from their clinical manifestations, diagnoses, treatments and follow-up visits were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Four patients with anti-LGI1 LE were characterized by hypomnesia, mental and behavior disorder, faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), seizures accompanied by pathological changes in the limbic system, obstinate hyponatremia and positive detection of anti-LGI1 antibody. In this study, we found that 1 patient initially presented with an abnormal sensation and had a subsequent FBDS, inconsistent with normal cases of anti-LGI1 LE. This patient had abnormalities in the basal ganglia region identified with head MRI, unlike most cases, which report abnormalities in the limbic system by positron emission tomography/CT scan. Finally, 3 of our patients with FBDS were treated with antiepileptic drugs as well as immune modulatory treatment, and they responded well.

CONCLUSIONS:

We identified new characteristics in clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of anti-LGI1 LE, which contribute to a better understanding of this disease and help improve its early diagnosis and efficacious treatment.

• Authors: Jinbei Yu, Xuefan Yu, Shaokuan Fang, Ying Zhang, Weihong Lin
• Journal: European neurology (Eur Neurol) Vol. 75 Issue 1-2 Pg. 5-11 ( 2016) ISSN: 1421-9913 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 26694143 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Chemical References

• Anticonvulsants
• Autoantibodies
• Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
• LGI1 protein, human
• Proteins

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Anticonvulsants (therapeutic use)
• Autoantibodies (immunology)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
• Limbic Encephalitis (diagnosis, immunology, therapy)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Positron-Emission Tomography
• Proteins (immunology)
• Retrospective Studies
• Seizures (complications)
• Treatment Outcome