Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is considered as an effective modality for
renal replacement therapy in hemodynamically unstable patients within intensive care units (ICUs). However, the role of
heparin anticoagulation, which is used to maintain circuit patency, is equivocal due to the risk of
bleeding and morbidity. Among various alternative
anticoagulants,
nafamostat mesilate has been shown to be an effective
anticoagulant in patients prone to
bleeding. Hence, we conducted a prospective, randomized controlled study investigating the effect of
nafamostat mesilate on mortality, CRRT filter life span and adverse events in patients with
bleeding tendency. Seventy-three Patients were randomized into either the futhan or no-anticoagulation group. Thirty-six subjects in the futhan group received
nafamostat mesilate, while thirty seven subjects in the no-anticoagulation group received no
anticoagulants. Baseline characteristics and appropriate laboratory tests were taken from each group. The mortality between the two groups was not significantly different. Nevertheless, between the futhan group and the no-anticoagulation group, the overall number of filters used during CRRT (2.71 ± 2.12 vs. 4.50 ± 3.25; p = 0.042) and the number of filters changed due to clots per 24 hours (1.15 ± 0.81 vs. 1.74 ± 1.62; p = 0.040) were significantly different. When filter life span was subdivided into below and over 12 hours, the number of filters functioning over 12 hours was significantly higher in the futhan group than in the no-anticoagulation group (p = 0.037, odds ratio 1.84). There were no significant differences in transfusion, mortality, or survival between the two groups, and no adverse events related to
nafamostat mesilate were noted. Hence,
nafamostat mesilate may be used as an effective and safe
anticoagulant, without increasing the risk of major
bleeding complications, in patients prone to
bleeding.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01761994.