Hemorrhage

08/01/2009 - "Although rFVIIa administration seemed helpful in controlling life-threatening hemorrhage, patients requiring higher doses (30 to 70 microg/kg) had a dramatically higher incidence of serious thromboembolic events."
04/01/2006 - "After administration of the second dose of rFVIIa (120 microg/kg per dose, every 2 h), the active bleeding subsided dramatically and a significant improvement in the oxygenation index was seen 8 h after the third dose of rFVIIa treatment. "
03/01/1998 - "Of 103 evaluable surgical bleeding episodes, the response to treatment with rFVIIa was considered to be either excellent or effective in 81%, 86% and 92% of major, minor and dental bleeding episodes, respectively. "
12/01/2008 - "This study demonstrated that three doses of rFVIIa given in blunt traumatic hemorrhage yielded a significant reduction of 2.6 of red blood cells used. "
04/01/2013 - "Patients with major bleeding treated with rFVIIa showed improved hemostasis with rapid normalization of coagulation variables. "

12/01/2007 - "Heparin use provides the best results but may be associated with a higher mortality rate related to intra-abdominal bleeding. "
01/01/2006 - "However, heparin therapy is not always associated with a significant improvement of clinical outcomes, is linked with enhanced bleeding risk and can occasionally provoke the development of heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia, the most devastating complication of conventional therapy with unfractioned heparin. "
08/01/2004 - "The aim of this study was to investigate whether clinically important bleeding attributable to heparin rebound can be eliminated by infusion of small amounts of additional protamine for 6 hours postoperatively and whether this treatment can reduce mediastinal blood loss. "
11/15/1994 - "APC improved the prolonged bleeding time, but heparin aggravated bleeding with potent prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). "
02/01/1978 - "Neither heparin's therapeutic efficacy nor its ability to increase bleeding could be proven. "

09/01/2015 - "Dabigatran seems to be as effective and safe as warfarin, although most data are from single-center studies, with small samples and very low overall bleeding and thromboembolic complications. "
04/01/2013 - "Warfarin therapy, if used appropriately, is highly effective in preventing thromboembolic events, but is simultaneously burdened by a narrow therapeutic window, multiple food and drug interactions, and a substantial bleeding risk. "
04/06/2011 - "Extending warfarin therapy is highly effective in preventing recurrences but is associated with increased rates of major and minor bleeding. "
05/23/2005 - "Warfarin is a highly efficacious oral anticoagulant, but its use is limited by a well-founded fear of bleeding. "
07/01/1997 - "This audit of hospice inpatients taking warfarin showed a high incidence of bleeding which was possibly improved with very stringent international normalized ratio (INR) monitoring: 15 episodes in 17 patients improved to 11 episodes in 18 patients. "

01/01/2012 - "It follows that most treatment guidelines advocate the use of the lowest aspirin dose effective in preventing thrombotic complications to minimize the risk of major bleeding. "
04/01/2014 - "In randomized trials, low-dose (LD) and high-dose (HD) aspirin (ASA) are equally effective in reducing ischemic complications, but HD ASA is associated with an increased risk of bleeding in the setting of dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). "
03/30/2013 - "Use of clopiogrel without aspirin was associated with a significant reduction in bleeding complications and no increase in the rate of thrombotic events. "
01/01/2013 - "For patients with polycythaemia vera who have no clear indication or contraindication to aspirin therapy, available evidence suggests that the use of low-dose aspirin, when compared with no treatment, is associated with a statistically non-significant reduction in the risk of fatal thrombotic events and all-cause mortality, without an increased risk of major bleeding."
11/01/2012 - "For aspirin to be beneficial for an individual patient, the risk of a future CVD event must be large enough to outweigh the risk of bleeding. "

02/01/2013 - "Presently, however, limiting the duration of triple therapy followed by clopidogrel and an oral anticoagulant seems the best option for the majority of patients to minimize bleeding risk without an increase in other adverse events."
04/01/2010 - "However, recent studies have suggested that there is large inter-individual response variability to these drugs (especially to clopidogrel) and that improved inhibition of platelet reactivity using higher doses or new, more potent agents would further reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events, but may also increase the risk of bleeding. "
01/01/2015 - "These agents have a faster-acting, more-potent, and more-predictable antiplatelet effect than clopidogrel, which translates into improved clinical outcomes in patients with ACS, albeit at the expense of an increased risk of bleeding. "
03/01/2007 - "Lack of nonresponse and profound inhibition with clopidogrel allow for the maintenance of a delicate balance between proven efficacy and acceptable bleeding risks for long-term secondary prevention in outpatients after acute vascular events."
11/01/2014 - "In clinical studies enrolling patients with ACS these drugs decreased the incidence of ischemic events compared to the standard therapy with clopidogrel and ASA; however, this beneficial effect was associated with an increase in bleeding events. "

08/01/2004 - "In very high-risk patients, a higher dose of LMWH may offer increased efficacy without increasing bleeding risk. "
10/01/2003 - "However the optimal LMWH regimen, offering the greatest efficacy with an acceptable risk of bleeding, has not been clearly established with regard to dose and timing of treatment initiation. "
01/01/2012 - "Analysis of pooled data for category I trials (those with a high methodological quality) showed a non-significant reduction in the odds of recurrent VTE favouring LMWH treatment (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.18).For all trials combined, the difference in bleeding significantly favoured treatment with LMWH (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.79). "
09/01/2003 - "When all studies were combined, a statistically non-significant reduction in the risk of VTE (OR 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41, 1.07) and in the risk of major bleeding (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.18, 1.11) in favor of LMWH treatment was found. "
11/01/1991 - "The conclusions of all these trials are: LMWH is relatively simple to use and, compared with UFH, has a more stable anticoagulant effect due to its pharmacokinetic properties; the therapeutic efficacy is as good as, if not better, than that of UFH; the risk of bleeding remains, therefore, the specified dosages should be respected and treatment should be monitored by anti-Xa activity when indicated; the decreased interaction with platelet function should not mask the risk of thrombocytopoenia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)"

11/01/2013 - "There was less major bleeding with enoxaparin (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.01, p = 0.050) contributing to the significant improvement of the net clinical benefit (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.74, p = 0.0002). "
10/12/1999 - "Enoxaparin is superior to UFH for reducing a composite of death and serious cardiac ischemic events during the acute management of UA/NQMI patients without causing a significant increase in the rate of major hemorrhage. "
04/01/2012 - "For patients at higher risk of bleeding, dabigatran 150 mg once daily is as effective as enoxaparin following major orthopaedic surgery and is associated with a favourable bleeding rate."
03/01/2012 - "A QI initiative that eliminated the use of enoxaparin for prophylaxis of VTE in patients with renal impairment resulted in lower rates of major bleeding associated with pharmacologic prophylaxis. "
04/01/2011 - "Bleeding, defined according to STEEPLE (Safety and Efficacy of Enoxaparin in PCI Patients, an International Randomized Evaluation) minor or major criteria, occurred in 6.5% of patients over 3 years. "

03/01/2004 - "Prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid decreases bleeding and transfusions after cardiac procedures but it is still unclear what the best dose and the most appropriate timing to get the best results are. "
09/07/1996 - "Tranexamic acid given during menstruation is a safe and highly effective treatment for excessive bleeding. "
07/01/2003 - "In a pilot, non-randomized trial we tested the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA), a potent fibrinolytic inhibitor, as adjunctive therapy in standard treatment of major upper gastrointestinal bleeding in dialysis patients. "
01/01/2012 - "Tranexamic acid has proven to be an effective treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). "
10/01/2010 - "In this study, a new oral tranexamic acid treatment was well tolerated and significantly improved both menstrual blood loss and health-related quality of life in women with heavy menstrual bleeding. "

09/01/2004 - "Administration of recombinant activated factor VII proved highly effective in management of massive hemorrhage in cardiac surgery."
03/01/2005 - "Some bleeding continued post-operatively: administration of activated Factor VII was associated with a marked reduction in the oozing from his fixator pin-sites and an improvement in his pH from 7.1 to 7.3. "
01/01/2011 - "Despite recombinant activated factor VII promising results in massive bleeding after cardiac surgery, it significantly increases arterial thromboembolic risk. "
01/01/2002 - "In both described patients who were characterized by a high risk of surgical bleeding, the employment of the recombinant activated factor VII led to significant improvement in coagulation system indices and the hemostatic outcome was regarded positive. "
10/01/2012 - "The question addressed was whether recombinant activated factor VII was effective for the treatment of excessive bleeding after paediatric cardiac surgery. "

07/01/2008 - "Preliminary data suggest that some of these tests, notably thromboelastography and the thrombin generation test, may be helpful for predicting the individual bleeding risk and for providing individually tailored treatment regimens. "
12/05/2015 - "Global coagulation assays (thrombin generation, thromboelastography) reflect the interaction between procoagulant factors, anticoagulant factors, platelets, and the fibrinolytic system and show promise for assessing bleeding risk and guiding therapy. "
09/01/2010 - "Newer Xa and thrombin inhibitors enjoy greater efficacy with equal or higher bleeding rates. "
06/01/2002 - "Our experience demonstrates that endoscopic therapy with thrombin appears safe and can be effective in the management of gastric variceal bleeding."
10/01/2015 - "This study assessed the efficacy of a bovine-derived thrombin solution, (BT), as a topical liquid agent to augment hemostasis and survival following severe hepatic hemorrhage in a rat model. "

01/01/2013 - "Endoscopy sclerotherapy is the best option for the control of acute variceal bleeding. "
01/01/2007 - "Successful endoscopic sclerotherapy is effective in securing hemostasis for bleeding lesions and remains the first line and only needed therapy for most of the patients (pts), but bleeding reoccurs in 10% to 30% pts, and 4% to 14% of the pts die after acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). "
10/01/1992 - "Endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) is highly effective in arresting active esophageal variceal bleeding. "
07/01/1992 - "The best treatment remains endoscopic sclerotherapy, which controls the bleeding in 90% of the cases. "
02/01/1990 - "We conclude that emergency sclerotherapy, mainly with a large sclerosant volume, is highly effective in arresting active variceal bleeding. "

01/01/2015 - "Endoscopic variceal ligation is safe and highly effective in patients with variceal bleeding caused by chronic PVT. "
04/01/2014 - "Secondary prophylaxis plays a fundamental role in the reduction of recurrent bleeding, the best option in cirrhotic patients is the combination of pharmacological therapy with beta-blockers and endoscopic band ligation. "
01/01/1990 - "Control of hemorrhage should be the aim of treatment, best achieved by alternative treatment, such as hepatic artery ligation of angiographic embolization, highly effective in our experience. "
06/01/1982 - "They also point out the main diagnostic and therapeutic aspects emphasizing the small effect that ligation of the external carotid artery has on bleeding and the importance of choosing case by case the best treatment considering the great variety of clinical and pathologic aspects that characterize these lesions."
09/01/1981 - "Although the treatment of choice for extracranial, congenital and traumatic, AVMs is ideally total excision, careful embolization of the nidus with ligation of the feeders seems to be the most opportune procedure of choice as the second-best treatment in cases in which the nidus of the AVM occupies extensive areas of the head or face and which have little chance of developing serious signs and symptoms such as massive hemorrhage."

12/01/2001 - "The most recent laboratory studies and the only clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of these guidelines however, suggest that in the setting of uncontrolled hemorrhage, today's practice of aggressive fluid resuscitation may be harmful, resulting in increased hemorrhage volume and subsequently greater mortality. "
07/01/2005 - "AM-induced vascular relaxation decreased significantly after hemorrhage and resuscitation, which was markedly improved by AMBP-1. "
04/01/2008 - "Studies in hemorrhaged conscious sheep suggest that: (1) a small reduction in target blood pressure can result in a significant reduction in volume requirement; (2) nonlinear algorithms may reduce the risk of increased internal bleeding during resuscitation; (3) algorithm control functions based on proportional-integral, fuzzy logic, or nonlinear decision tables were found to restore and maintain blood pressure equally well. "
01/01/2013 - "Administration of DAF (25 μg/kg) to animals subjected to hemorrhage prior to Hextend infusion significantly improved survival (73% versus 27%); protected gut, lung, liver, and kidney tissue from damage; and resulted in reduced resuscitation fluid requirements when compared with animals subjected to hemorrhage and resuscitation with Hextend alone. "
08/01/2012 - "The use of MS is a novel approach for the rapid, simple treatment of severe noncompressible hemorrhage, which provided statistically significant improvement in hemostasis and survival 60 minutes after injury and a large reduction in blood loss, resuscitation fluid requirement, and medic treatment time compared with conventional hemorrhage control dressings in a swine model."

11/01/2006 - "Endoscopic therapy is successful in the majority in controlling bleeding but in those who continue to bleed transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt is highly effective in achieving haemostasis, although the evidence base that this is associated with improved survival is limited. "
02/01/2012 - "Indeed, a recent trial has shown that placement of TIPS, using covered stents, within 72 hours of admission in patients at high risk of treatment failure (i.e., those Child B with active bleeding or Child C less than 14 points) markedly decreased rebleeding and improved survival."
09/01/2011 - "TIPS is effective in emergently controlling bleeding for GVs even though the commonly referenced studies about managing GVs with TIPS are studies with TIPS created by bare stents. "
11/15/2012 - "Angiographic success was achieved in the 23 patients; however, one case required a second intervention due to recurrent bleeding, which was effectively treated using covered-stent. "
01/01/2010 - "Insertion of the SX-Ella DANIS stent in patients with refractory variceal bleeding or complications of previous therapy is effective for the control of bleeding. "

04/01/1991 - "Of the remaining 15 patients in complete remission (CR), four died from GVHD, hemorrhage and graft failure, and two relapsed at 7 and 54 months after BMT and died. "
10/01/2010 - "However, direct bronchial artery revascularization has been considered a difficult and unreliable method to be used clinically, as it prolongs the operation and ischemic time, increases risk of bleeding, and because of the good results reported from transplants without bronchial artery revascularization. "
07/01/2004 - "Patients with chronic hepatic disease awaiting liver transplant can be treated successfully with endoscopic sinus surgery, but significant perioperative bleeding may not be avoidable. "
12/01/2000 - "Children with heart or heart-lung transplants had significantly greater numbers of enamel defects and more gingival enlargement than control children, children in the heart transplant group had significantly more gingival bleeding. "
11/01/2002 - "In aspect of operation time and bleeding volume, tissue engineered bone graft is superior to autogeneic iliac bone."