There were 449 positive samples (5.8%) from 4 890 patients during this period, among which 388 were proved to be with pathogenic bacteria. Samples separated from patients with community-aquired
infections accounted for 8.4% of all positive samples. Most community-aquired
infections were caused by Gram-negative bacteria (75%), although no multidrug-resistant bacteria was observed. Samples separated from patients with
nosocomial infections accounted for 91.6% of all positive samples. Respiratory tract (49.4%) and peripheral blood (32.6%) were the most common samples with positive results. Skin soft tissues (10.4%), and urine (3.7%) were less common samples. Most of the pathogenic bacteria of the
nosocomial infections were Gram-negative (66.9%). The most common Gram-negative bacteria included Escherichia coli (13.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.1%), and Klebsiella
pneumonia (12.1%), while Staphylococcus aureus (10.4%), Enterococcus faecium (7.0%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.1%) were the most common Gram-positive bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria consisted of most of sputum samples and peripheral blood samples. Samples from the surface of skin
wound and anal swab were composed largely by Gram-positive bacteria (63.8%). The detection rates of extended-spectrum
beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella
pneumonia/Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis were 24.0%, 87.9% and 38.4%, respectively. The resistance to Acinetobacter baumannii was serious. Multidrug-resistant, extensive
drug resistant and pan
drug resistant A. baumannii acountted for 74% of all A. Baumannii
infections. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia showed low resistance to
sulfamethoxazole/
trimethoprim,
levofloxacin and
minocycline. Also, 22 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 9 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Epidermidis were detected, which were only sensitive to
vancomycin,
teicoplanin, and
linezolid. All patients were treated in the haematology wards and most of them were under
agranulocytosis or immunosuppression. Finally, 22 patients reached clinical recovery through anti-infective
therapy, whereas 49 patients died. Among those deaths, 42 patients attributed to severe
infections and
infection-associated complications. Fourteen of all the deaths might be infected with drug-resistance bacteria. There were 61 samples proved to be bacteria colonization. Nonfermenters such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia made up for a large amount of bacteria colonization.
CONCLUSIONS: