Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: Pigs (18.2 ± 2.4 kg) were assigned to one control and eight treatment groups. Bilateral latissimus dorsi muscle flaps were raised after saline administration (control) and 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after nicorandil administration. Subsequently, flaps were subjected to 4 hours of ischemia and 48 hours of reperfusion. Viability was assessed, and biochemical probes were used to study nicorandil-induced infarct protection. RESULTS: Protection by nicorandil was biphasic. Infarction reduced from 40.2 ± 1.9 percent (control) to 27.3 ± 1.7 percent and 24.0 ± 2.3 percent (p < 0.05) 0 and 4 hours after nicorandil administration, respectively (early phase protection). No difference was seen between control and treatment groups between 8 and 12 hours after nicorandil administration compared with the control. Infarct protection increased again (p < 0.05) at 24 (22.4 ± 2.0 percent), 48 (25.1 ± 2.1 percent), and 72 hours (28.5 ± 2.1 percent) but not at 96 hours (43.9 ± 4.6 percent) compared with control (late phase protection). The sarcolemmal and mitochondrial channels played a central role in the trigger and mediator mechanisms, respectively. Late protection was associated with lower myeloperoxidase activity and mitochondrial calcium overload and higher adenosine triphosphate content (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Neil J Cahoon, Andreas Naparus, Homa Ashrafpour, Stefan O P Hofer, Ning Huang, Joan E Lipa, Christopher R Forrest, Cho Y Pang |
Journal | Plastic and reconstructive surgery
(Plast Reconstr Surg)
Vol. 131
Issue 3
Pg. 473-485
(Mar 2013)
ISSN: 1529-4242 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23446562
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Vasodilator Agents
- Nicorandil
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Topics |
- Animals
- Muscle, Skeletal
(blood supply, transplantation)
- Nicorandil
(therapeutic use)
- Postoperative Complications
(prevention & control)
- Plastic Surgery Procedures
- Reperfusion Injury
(prevention & control)
- Surgical Flaps
(blood supply)
- Swine
- Vasodilator Agents
(therapeutic use)
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