Dietary fish oil reduces glomerular injury and elevated renal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels in the JCR:LA-cp rat, a model of the metabolic syndrome.

Abstract

We have previously shown nutritional intervention with fish oil (n-3 PUFA) to reduce numerous complications associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the JCR:LA-corpulent (cp) rat. In the present study, we sought to explore the potential role of fish oil to prevent glomerulosclerosis in JCR:LA-cp rats via renal eicosanoid metabolism and lipidomic analysis. Male lean and MetS JCR:LA-cp rats were fed a lipid-balanced diet supplemented with fish oil (5 or 10 % of total fat). After 16 weeks of feeding, albuminuria was significantly reduced in MetS rats supplemented with 5 or 10 % fish oil ( - 53 and - 70 %, respectively, compared with the untreated MetS rats). The 5 % fish oil diet resulted in markedly lower glomerulosclerosis ( - 43 %) in MetS rats and to a lesser extent in those supplemented with 10 % fish oil. Interestingly, untreated MetS rats had higher levels of 11- and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) v. lean rats. Dietary fish oil reduced these levels, as well as other (5-, 9- and 15-) HETE. Whilst genotype did not alter prostanoid levels, fish oil reduced endogenous renal levels of 6-keto PGF1α (PGI2 metabolite), thromboxane B2 (TxB2), PGF2α and PGD2 by approximately 60 % in rats fed 10 % fish oil, and TxB2 ( - 50 %) and PGF2α ( - 41 %) in rats fed 5 % fish oil. In conclusion, dietary fish oil prevented glomerular damage in MetS rats and mitigated the elevation in renal HETE levels. These results suggest a potential role for dietary fish oil to improve dysfunctional renal eicosanoid metabolism associated with kidney damage during conditions of the MetS.

• Authors: Harold M Aukema, Jing Lu, Faye Borthwick, Spencer D Proctor
• Journal: The British journal of nutrition (Br J Nutr) Vol. 110 Issue 1 Pg. 11-9 (Jul 14 2013) ISSN: 1475-2662 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 23151363 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Dietary Fats
• Fish Oils
• Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids
• Prostaglandins
• Thromboxane B2
• 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha
• Dinoprost
• Prostaglandin D2

Topics

• 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (metabolism)
• Albuminuria (prevention & control)
• Animals
• Dietary Fats (metabolism, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Dietary Supplements
• Dinoprost (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fish Oils (metabolism, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Genotype
• Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids (blood)
• Kidney Diseases (etiology, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Kidney Glomerulus (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
• Male
• Metabolic Syndrome (complications, metabolism)
• Prostaglandin D2 (metabolism)
• Prostaglandins (metabolism)
• Rats
• Rats, Inbred Strains
• Thromboxane B2 (metabolism)