To determine whether two different
intravenous immunoglobulin (
IVIG) preparations were equally efficacious in the treatment of
Kawasaki disease (KD). Single centre retrospective review of all patients treated with
IVIG for KD between January 1990 and April 2007. Comparison of
IVIG (dose 2 g/kg) from two commercial preparations;
Iveegam stabilized with
sugar (lyophilized, 5 g/ml
glucose, pH 6.4-7.2,
IgA 10 microg/ml, 5%
IgG/ml) and
Gamimune stabilized through acidification (no
sugar, pH 4.0-4.5,
IgA 270 microg/ml, 5% 1990-1999, 10% 1999-2007
IgG/ml). Propensity-adjusted differences in duration of
fever after treatment initiation, frequency of
retreatment with
IVIG,
hospital stay and maximum coronary artery z-score. A total of 954 patients were included, 862 (90%) were treated with
Iveegam and 92 (10%) were treated with
Gamimune. Patients' demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics were similar between the two groups. In propensity-adjusted models,
Iveegam was found to be associated with higher probability of non-response to
IVIG (12% vs. 5%, p = 0.05) and longer median duration of
fever after
IVIG [1 (1-27) vs. 1 (1-8) days, p = 0.02] than
Gamimune. Nevertheless,
Gamimune was found to be associated with longer median duration of
hospital stay [5 (2-49) vs. 4 (2-76) days, p < 0.0001] and higher median maximum coronary artery z-score both at the end of the acute phase (+1.4 vs. +0.8, p < 0.0001) and 6-8 weeks after the acute phase (+0.7 vs. +0.4, p < 0.0001).
IVIG preparations with lower
IgA content and stabilized with
glucose appear to be associated with improved coronary artery outcomes for patients with KD.