Serum n-6 fatty acids and lipoprotein subclasses in middle-aged men: the population-based cross-sectional ERA-JUMP study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The associations of serum omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids with lipoprotein subclasses at the population level are uncertain.

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to examine associations between major n-6 fatty acids [ie, linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6)] and the lipoprotein subclasses VLDL, LDL, and HDL.

DESIGN:

We conducted a cross-sectional study in 1098 participants using population-based data from US white, Japanese American, Japanese, and Korean men aged 40-49 y. Serum fatty acids were analyzed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Lipoprotein subclasses were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multiple linear regression models as a function of each fatty acid were used after adjustment for age, population, body mass index, pack-years of smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension, and omega-3 (n-3) and trans fatty acids.

RESULTS:

Serum LA was inversely associated with large VLDL (beta = -0.62, P < 0.001), total LDL (beta = -22.08, P < 0.001), and small LDL (beta = -31.89, P < 0.001) particle concentrations and VLDL size (beta = -0.72, P < 0.001). Serum LA was positively associated with large HDL particle concentration (beta = 0.21, P < 0.001) and HDL size (beta = 0.03, P < 0.001). The patterns of association of AA with large VLDL and large HDL particle concentrations were comparable with those of LA.

CONCLUSIONS:

At the population level, higher serum concentrations of LA were significantly associated with lower concentrations of total LDL particles. Higher serum concentrations of LA and AA were significantly associated with a lower concentration of large VLDL particles and a higher concentration of large HDL particles. These associations were consistent across the population groups. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00069797.

• Authors: Jina Choo, Hirotsugu Ueshima, J David Curb, Chol Shin, Rhobert W Evans, Aiman El-Saed, Takashi Kadowaki, Tomonori Okamura, Katsumi Nakata, Teruo Otake, Katsuyuki Miura, Robert D Abbott, Kim Sutton-Tyrrell, Daniel Edmundowicz, Lewis H Kuller, Akira Sekikawa, ERA-JUMP Study Group
• Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (Am J Clin Nutr) Vol. 91 Issue 5 Pg. 1195-203 (May 2010) ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20357040 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cholesterol, LDL
• Fatty Acids
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6
• Lipoproteins
• Lipoproteins, HDL
• Lipoproteins, LDL
• Lipoproteins, VLDL
• Cholesterol

Topics

• Adult
• Blood Pressure
• Body Mass Index
• Cholesterol (blood)
• Cholesterol, LDL (blood)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (epidemiology)
• Fatty Acids (blood)
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6 (blood)
• Humans
• Hypertension (epidemiology)
• Lipoproteins (blood)
• Lipoproteins, HDL (blood)
• Lipoproteins, LDL (blood)
• Lipoproteins, VLDL (blood)
• Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Patient Selection
• Regression Analysis
• Smoking (physiopathology)