Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: In a case-control study nested in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, we randomly selected 100 lung cancer cases and 100 controls who smoked at baseline and analyzed their baseline serum for total NNAL, cotinine, and r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (PheT), a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and metabolic activation. To examine the association of the biomarkers with all lung cancers and for histologic subtypes, we computed odds ratios for total NNAL, PheT, and cotinine using logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders. FINDINGS: Individual associations of age, smoking duration, and total NNAL with lung cancer risk were statistically significant. After adjustment, total NNAL was the only biomarker significantly associated with risk (odds ratio, 1.57 per unit SD increase; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.28). A similar statistically significant result was obtained for adenocarcinoma risk, but not for nonadenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: This first reporting of the effect of the prospectively measured tobacco-specific biomarker total NNAL, on risk of lung cancer in smokers provides insight into the etiology of smoking-related lung cancer and reinforces targeting NNK for cancer prevention.
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Authors | Timothy R Church, Kristin E Anderson, Neil E Caporaso, Mindy S Geisser, Chap T Le, Yan Zhang, Adam R Benoit, Steven G Carmella, Stephen S Hecht |
Journal | Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
(Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev)
Vol. 18
Issue 1
Pg. 260-6
(Jan 2009)
ISSN: 1055-9965 [Print] United States |
PMID | 19124507
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- 4-((methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)but-1-yl)beta-omega-glucosiduronic acid
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Glucuronates
- Nitrosamines
- Pyridines
- 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
- 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol
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Topics |
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor
(blood)
- Case-Control Studies
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Female
- Glucuronates
(blood)
- Humans
- Logistic Models
- Lung Neoplasms
(blood, pathology)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nitrosamines
(blood, metabolism)
- Prospective Studies
- Pyridines
(blood)
- Risk Factors
- Tobacco
(chemistry)
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