We have previously reported that long-term treatment with
clarithromycin (CAM) increased the median survival of patients with
non-small cell lung cancer, and improved various clinical parameters in these patients. In the present study, CAM was administered to 33 patients with unresectable primary
non-small cell lung cancer, who had received
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy or both (basic
cancer therapy). Patients with clinical backgrounds matched to the CAM group, who did not receive CAM treatment, were included into this study as a control group (non-CAM group). CAM treatment was initiated 4 weeks after the basic
cancer therapy. The non-CAM group did not receive a placebo. Before and after the 3-month treatment with CAM,
body weight, serum levels of
interleukin-6 (IL-6, a
cytokine which, together with
TNF-alpha, plays a crucial role in the development of
cancer cachexia), total
protein,
albumin,
cholinesterase and
hemoglobin were measured for the evaluation of the patients' clinical status. There were no statistically significant differences in serum levels of
IL-6 between the CAM group before the treatment and the non-CAM group. After 3 months of CAM treatment, serum levels of
IL-6 significantly decreased. In contrast,
body weight,
cholinesterase, and
hemoglobin increased to a significant extent. Among these four parameters, however, the decrease in serum
IL-6 levels was only statistically correlated with the increase in
body weight, but not with that in other parameters. Furthermore, CAM-treated patients whose serum
IL-6 levels were decreased after 3 months of treatment survived longer: there was a statistically significant correlation between the decrease in serum
IL-6 and survival time. In contrast, in the non-CAM group, these parameters did not change significantly during the study. These results suggest that CAM may reduce the progression of
cancer-associated
cachexia.