Predictive value of serum and follicular fluid leptin concentrations during assisted reproductive cycles in normal women and in women with the polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Abstract	Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone which plays a central role in the regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis and in signalling to the brain that adequate energy stores are available for reproduction. Although leptin may affect reproduction by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, recent in-vitro observations indicate that leptin may also have direct intra-ovarian actions. Leptin concentrations were measured in women who succeeded in becoming pregnant within three cycles of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or gamete intra-fallopian transfer (n = 53), in women who failed to become pregnant within three cycles (n = 50), and in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (n = 22). It was found that lower follicular fluid leptin concentrations were a marker of assisted reproduction treatment success in normal women. Women with PCOS had higher leptin concentrations than women without such a diagnosis, but this was due to their higher body mass index (BMI). After adjustment for age and BMI, women with PCOS who became pregnant tended to have lower mean follicular fluid leptin concentrations than women with PCOS who did not succeed at becoming pregnant. Further studies exploiting the strengths of the IVF model are needed to assess whether the prognostic role for follicular fluid leptin in human reproduction is independent of other factors, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Authors	C S Mantzoros, D W Cramer, R F Liberman, R L Barbieri
Journal	Human reproduction (Oxford, England) (Hum Reprod) Vol. 15 Issue 3 Pg. 539-44 (Mar 2000) ISSN: 0268-1161 [Print] England
PMID	10686193 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
Chemical References	Biomarkers Leptin
Topics	Adult Biomarkers (analysis) Body Weight Female Fertilization in Vitro Follicular Fluid (metabolism) Humans Infertility, Female (metabolism, therapy) Leptin (blood, metabolism) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (complications, metabolism) Predictive Value of Tests Pregnancy Pregnancy Rate Reference Values Reproductive Techniques Smoking

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