Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding reduces subcutaneous adipose tissue and blood inflammation in nondiabetic morbidly obese individuals.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Significant and sustained excess weight loss (EWL) appears to reduce the risk of obesity-related comorbidities (insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation), but this has been primarily shown in adult diabetic obese patients. We evaluated whether the EWL obtained 3 years after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) improves the metabolic phenotype in nondiabetic morbidly obese (NDMO) individuals from south Italy.

METHODS:

Serum and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples from 20 obese individuals (median BMI=41.5 kg/m(2)) before (T0) and after LAGB (T1) and from 10 controls (median BMI=22.8 kg/m(2)) were taken. Serum leptin, adiponectin, C reactive protein (CRP), and main analyte levels were evaluated by routine methods or immunoassay. In SAT, adipocyte size was measured by hematoxylin/eosin staining, cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) macrophage infiltration marker by immunohistochemistry, and adiponectin, adiponectin receptors 1 and 2, and interleukin 6 (IL6) messenger RNAs by qRT-PCR.

RESULTS:

The average EWL was 66.7 %, and CRP, triglycerides, hepatic markers, leptin levels, homeostasis model assessment, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio were lower (p<0.05) at T1 than at T0. The expression of small adipocytes and adiponectin was increased (p<0.05), and inflammation markers (CD68 and IL6) decreased (p<0.05) at T1 vs. T0. At linear regression multivariate analysis, over 90 % (R (2)=0.905) of EWL (dependent variable) was explained by CD68, adiponectinemia, triglyceridemia, CRP, and total protein levels.

CONCLUSIONS:

The EWL obtained 3 years after LAGB resulted in an improvement of lipid metabolism and a reduction of inflammation in NDMO patients, thereby decreasing the risk of obesity-associated diseases.

• Authors: Laura Iaffaldano, Carmela Nardelli, Vincenzo Pilone, Giuseppe Labruna, Andreina Alfieri, Donatella Montanaro, Maddalena Ferrigno, Maria Restituta Zeccolella, Nicola Carlomagno, Andrea Renda, Alfonso Baldi, Pietro Forestieri, Lucia Sacchetti, Pasqualina Buono
• Journal: Obesity surgery (Obes Surg) Vol. 24 Issue 12 Pg. 2161-8 (Dec 2014) ISSN: 1708-0428 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24923694 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cholesterol

Topics

• Adult
• Case-Control Studies
• Cholesterol (blood)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
• Female
• Gastroplasty (methods)
• Humans
• Inflammation (physiopathology, prevention & control)
• Italy
• Male
• Obesity, Morbid (blood, surgery)
• Subcutaneous Fat (physiopathology)
• Weight Loss