Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: RESULTS: We found that 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal (1, 2, 5 μM) suppresses the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as the production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in LPS (1 μg/ml)-stimulated astrocytes and microglial BV-2 cells. Further, 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal inhibited the transcriptional and DNA binding activity of NF-κB--a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis via inhibition of IκB degradation as well as nuclear translocation of p50 and p65. Consistent with the inhibitory effect on inflammatory reactions, 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal inhibited LPS-elevated Aβ42 levels through attenuation of β- and γ- secretase activities. Moreover, studies using signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) siRNA and a pharmacological inhibitor showed that 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal inhibits LPS-induced activation of STAT3. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Young-Jung Lee, Dong-Young Choi, Im Seup Choi, Jin-Yi Han, Heon-Sang Jeong, Sang Bae Han, Ki-Wan Oh, Jin Tae Hong |
Journal | Journal of neuroinflammation
(J Neuroinflammation)
Vol. 8
Pg. 132
(Oct 07 2011)
ISSN: 1742-2094 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 21982455
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Aldehydes
- Amyloid beta-Peptides
- Interleukin-1beta
- Lipopolysaccharides
- NF-kappa B
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- STAT3 Transcription Factor
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Fructose
- Nitric Oxide
- Tyrosine
- 2-butenal
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
- Nos2 protein, mouse
- Ptgs2 protein, mouse
- Cyclooxygenase 2
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Topics |
- Aldehydes
(chemistry, pharmacology)
- Amyloid beta-Peptides
(metabolism)
- Animals
- Astrocytes
(cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
- Cell Line
- Cyclooxygenase 2
(genetics, metabolism)
- Fructose
(metabolism)
- Humans
- Inflammation
(metabolism)
- Interleukin-1beta
(genetics, metabolism)
- Lipopolysaccharides
(pharmacology)
- Maillard Reaction
- Mice
- Microglia
(cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
- NF-kappa B
(antagonists & inhibitors)
- Nitric Oxide
(metabolism)
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
(genetics, metabolism)
- Reactive Oxygen Species
(metabolism)
- STAT3 Transcription Factor
(metabolism)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(genetics, metabolism)
- Tyrosine
(metabolism)
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