Radioimmunotherapy of medullary thyroid cancer with iodine-131-labeled anti-CEA antibodies.

Abstract

UNLABELLED:

This study evaluates the pharmacokinetics, dosimetry, toxicity and therapeutic potential of radiolabeled NP-4 and MN-14 anti-CEA antibodies in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).

METHODS:

Eighteen patients with advanced MTC entered exploratory clinical studies with therapeutic doses of 131I-labeled NP-4 and MN-14 murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Doses administered ranged from 46 mCi for 131I-MN-14 lgG to 195 mCi for 131I-MN-14 F(ab)2 in patients negative for human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA).

RESULTS:

The radioconjugate blood half-life (T1/2) for the whole lgG was 42.5+/-5.0 hr compared to 18.8+/- 4.1 hr for the bivalent fragments. Tumor doses of 17.5+/-11.0 and 11.4+/-6.3 cGy/mCi were estimated for 131I-MN-14 lgG and F(ab)2, respectively. Tumor/red marrow dose ratios exceeded 3:1 for most lesions. Red marrow doses of up to 350 cGy generally could be delivered with < grade 4 toxicity. Seven of 14 evaluable patients showed evidence of anti-tumor effects lasting up to 26 months, based on physical exam, tumor markers or computed tomography.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates that anti-CEA MAbs may be suitable for radioimmunotherapy of metastatic or recurrent MTC.

• Authors: M Juweid, R M Sharkey, T Behr, L C Swayne, T Herskovic, M Pereira, A D Rubin, D Hanley, R Dunn, J Siegel, D M Goldenberg
• Journal: Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine (J Nucl Med) Vol. 37 Issue 6 Pg. 905-11 (Jun 1996) ISSN: 0161-5505 [Print] United States
• PMID: 8683309 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen
• Iodine Radioisotopes

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen (immunology)
• Carcinoma, Medullary (diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy)
• Female
• Humans
• Iodine Radioisotopes (adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Radioimmunotherapy (adverse effects)
• Radiotherapy Dosage
• Thyroid Neoplasms (diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy)
• Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon