(1) Background:
Myocardial infarction was, until recently, recognized as a major coronary event, often fatal, with major implications for survivors. According to some authors,
diabetes mellitus is an important atherogenic risk factor with cardiac determinations underlying the definition of the so-called "diabetic heart". The present study aims to establish a correlation between the evolution of
myocardial infarction in diabetic patients, by determining whether
lactic acid levels, the activity of
carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes, and the magnitude of ST-segment elevation are correlated with the subsequent evolution of
myocardial infarction. (2) Methods: The study analyzed 2 groups of 30 patients each: group 1 consisted of diabetic patients with acute
myocardial infarction, and group 2 consisted of non-diabetic patients with acute
myocardial infarction. Patients were examined clinically and paraclinical, their heart markers,
lactic acid, and the activity of
carbonic anhydrase I and II
isozymes were determined. All patients underwent electrocardiogram and echocardiography analyses. (3) Results: The results showed that diabetics develop acute
myocardial infarction more frequently, regardless of how much time has passed since the diagnosis. The value of myocardial
necrosis enzymes was higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics, and
acute coronary syndrome occurs mainly in diabetics with poor metabolic balance. Lethality rates in non-diabetic patients with
lactic acid values above normal are lower than in diabetics. (4) Conclusions:
Lactic acid correlated with the activity of
isozyme I of carbonic dioxide which could be early markers of the prognosis and evolution of diabetic patients with acute
myocardial infarction.