Abstract | BACKGROUND: Morinda elliptica (family Rubiaceae), locally known as 'mengkudu kecil', has been used by the Malays for medicinal purposes. Anthraquinones isolated from the roots of Morinda elliptica, namely nordamnacanthal and damnacanthal, have been widely reported to exhibit anticancer and antioxidant properties in various cancer models in vitro and in vivo. AIM: METHOD: Light microscopy, Giemsa staining, Wright's staining, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to determine apoptosis, necrosis, and ultrastructural changes that occurred within the cells. RESULTS: The outcomes showed that these compounds induced cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, specifically at higher doses of 10 and 30 μg/mL. Condensation and fragmentation of the nuclear chromatin, which further separated into small, membrane-bound vesicles known as apoptotic bodies, were observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm. The plasma membranes and cytoskeletons also showed marked morphological changes upon treatment with damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal, indicating apoptosis. CONCLUSION:
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Authors | Saiful Yazan Latifah, Banulata Gopalsamy, Raha Abdul Rahim, Abdul Manaf Ali, Nordin Haji Lajis |
Journal | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
(Molecules)
Vol. 27
Issue 13
(Jun 28 2022)
ISSN: 1420-3049 [Electronic] Switzerland |
PMID | 35807381
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Aldehydes
- Anthraquinones
- nordamnacanthal
- damnacanthal
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Topics |
- Aldehydes
- Anthraquinones
(chemistry)
- Apoptosis
- Humans
- Leukemia, T-Cell
(drug therapy)
- Morinda
(chemistry)
- Necrosis
(drug therapy)
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
(drug therapy)
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