GLUT1, GLUT3 Expression and 18FDG-PET/CT in Human Malignant Melanoma: What Relationship Exists? New Insights and Perspectives.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive of skin cancers and the 19th most common cancer worldwide, with an estimated age-standardized incidence rate of 2.8-3.1 per 100,000; although there have been clear advances in therapeutic treatment, the prognosis of MM patients with Breslow thickness greater than 1 mm is still quite poor today. The study of how melanoma cells manage to survive and proliferate by consuming glucose has been partially addressed in the literature, but some rather interesting results are starting to be present.

METHODS:

A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and a search of PubMed and Web of Sciences (WoS) databases was performed until 27 September 2021 using the terms: glucose transporter 1 and 3 and GLUT1/3 in combination with each of the following: melanoma, neoplasm and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS:

In total, 46 records were initially identified in the literature search, of which six were duplicates. After screening for eligibility and inclusion criteria, 16 publications were ultimately included.

CONCLUSIONS:

the results discussed regarding the role and expression of GLUT are still far from definitive, but further steps toward understanding and stopping this mechanism have, at least in part, been taken. New studies and new discoveries should lead to further clarification of some aspects since the various mechanisms of glucose uptake by neoplastic cells are not limited to the transporters of the GLUT family alone.

• Authors: Gerardo Cazzato, Anna Colagrande, Antonietta Cimmino, Caterina Abbatepaolo, Emilio Bellitti, Paolo Romita, Lucia Lospalluti, Caterina Foti, Francesca Arezzo, Vera Loizzi, Teresa Lettini, Sara Sablone, Leonardo Resta, Gennaro Cormio, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Roberta Rossi
• Journal: Cells (Cells) Vol. 10 Issue 11 (11 09 2021) ISSN: 2073-4409 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 34831313 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Systematic Review)

Chemical References

• Glucose Transporter Type 1
• Glucose Transporter Type 3
• Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

Topics

• Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (chemistry)
• Glucose Transporter Type 1 (metabolism)
• Glucose Transporter Type 3 (metabolism)
• Humans
• Melanoma (diagnostic imaging, metabolism)
• Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
• Publications
• Skin Neoplasms (diagnostic imaging, metabolism)