The Spike of SARS-CoV-2: Uniqueness and Applications.
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| Abstract |
The Spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical for its ability to attach and fuse into the host cells, leading to infection, and transmission. In this review, we have initially performed a meta-analysis of keywords associated with the S protein to frame the outline of important research findings and directions related to it. Based on this outline, we have reviewed the structure, uniqueness, and origin of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, the interactions of the Spike protein with host and its implications in COVID-19 pathogenesis, as well as drug and vaccine development, are discussed. We have also summarized the recent advances in detection methods using S protein-based RT-PCR, ELISA, point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay, and graphene-based field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors. Finally, we have also discussed the emerging Spike mutants and the efficacy of the Spike-based vaccines against those strains. Overall, we have covered most of the recent advances on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and its possible implications in countering this virus.
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| Authors | Ranjith Kumavath, Debmalya Barh, Bruno Silva Andrade, Madangchanok Imchen, Flavia Figueira Aburjaile, Athira Ch, Diego Lucas Neres Rodrigues, Sandeep Tiwari, Khalid J Alzahrani, Aristóteles Góes-Neto, Marianna E Weener, Preetam Ghosh, Vasco Azevedo |
| Journal | Frontiers in immunology (Front Immunol) Vol. 12 Pg. 663912 ( 2021) ISSN: 1664-3224 [Electronic] Switzerland |
| PMID | 34305894 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Review) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Kumavath, Barh, Andrade, Imchen, Aburjaile, Ch, Rodrigues, Tiwari, Alzahrani, Góes-Neto, Weener, Ghosh and Azevedo. |
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