Single dose of multi-clade virus-like particle vaccine protects chickens against clade 2.3.2.1 and clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

Abstract

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are recognized as an alternative vaccine platform that provide effective protection against various highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Here, we developed multi-clade VLPs expressing two HAs (a chimera of clade 2.3.2.1c and clade 2.3.4.4c HA) within a single vector. We then compared its protective efficacy with that of a monovalent VLP and evaluated its potency against each homologous strain. Chickens vaccinated with the multi-clade VLP shed less virus and were better protected against challenge than birds receiving monovalent vaccines. Single vaccination with a multi-clade VLP resulted in 100% survival, with no clinical symptoms and high levels of pre-challenge protective immunity (7.6-8.5 log2). Moreover, the multi-clade VLP showed high productivity (128-256 HAU) both in the laboratory and on a large scale, making it cheaper than whole inactivated vaccines produced in eggs. However, the PD50 (protective dose 50%) of the multi-clade VLP against clades 2.3.2.1c and 2.3.4.4c was < 50 PD50 (28 and 42 PD50, respectively), and effective antibody response was maintained for 2-3 months. This multi-clade VLP protects against both clades of HPAI viruses and can be produced in high amounts at low cost. Thus, the vaccine has potential as a pandemic preparedness vaccine.

• Authors: Yong-Myung Kang, Hyun-Kyu Cho, Ju Hun Kim, Su Jin Lee, Seo-Jeong Park, Do-Young Kim, Seong Yup Kim, Jung-Won Park, Myoung-Heon Lee, Min-Chul Kim, Hyun-Mi Kang
• Journal: Scientific reports (Sci Rep) Vol. 11 Issue 1 Pg. 13786 (07 02 2021) ISSN: 2045-2322 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 34215796 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
• Influenza Vaccines
• Vaccines, Inactivated
• Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle

Topics

• Animals
• Chickens (virology)
• Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus (genetics)
• Influenza A virus (drug effects, pathogenicity)
• Influenza Vaccines (pharmacology)
• Influenza in Birds (drug therapy, pathology, virology)
• Vaccines, Inactivated (pharmacology)
• Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle (pharmacology)