Uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2 causing MRPL44-related multisystem mitochondrial disease.

Abstract

Mutations in nuclear-encoded protein subunits of the mitochondrial ribosome are an increasingly recognised cause of oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) disorders. Among them, mutations in the MRPL44 gene, encoding a structural protein of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome, have been identified in four patients with OXPHOS defects and early-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with or without additional clinical features. A 23-year-old individual with cardiac and skeletal myopathy, neurological involvement, and combined deficiency of OXPHOS complexes in skeletal muscle was clinically and genetically investigated. Analysis of whole-exome sequencing data revealed a homozygous mutation in MRPL44 (c.467 T > G), which was not present in the biological father, and a region of homozygosity involving most of chromosome 2, raising the possibility of uniparental disomy. Short-tandem repeat and genome-wide SNP microarray analyses of the family trio confirmed complete maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2. Mitochondrial ribosome assembly and mitochondrial translation were assessed in patient derived-fibroblasts. These studies confirmed that c.467 T > G affects the stability or assembly of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome, leading to impaired mitochondrial protein synthesis and decreased levels of multiple OXPHOS components. This study provides evidence of complete maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2 in a patient with MRPL44-related disease, and confirms that MRLP44 mutations cause a mitochondrial translation defect that may present as a multisystem disorder with neurological involvement.

• Authors: Alejandro Horga, Andreea Manole, Alice L Mitchell, Enrico Bugiardini, Iain P Hargreaves, Walied Mowafi, Conceição Bettencourt, Emma L Blakely, Langping He, James M Polke, Catherine E Woodward, Ilaria Dalla Rosa, Sachit Shah, Alan M Pittman, Ros Quinlivan, Mary M Reilly, Robert W Taylor, Ian J Holt, Michael G Hanna, Robert D S Pitceathly, Antonella Spinazzola, Henry Houlden
• Journal: Molecular biology reports (Mol Biol Rep) Vol. 48 Issue 3 Pg. 2093-2104 (Mar 2021) ISSN: 1573-4978 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 33742325 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Mitochondrial Proteins
• Ribosomal Proteins
• mitochondrial ribosomal protein L44, human

Topics

• Adolescent
• Base Sequence
• Brain (diagnostic imaging, pathology)
• Child, Preschool
• Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 (genetics)
• Female
• Fibroblasts (pathology)
• Homozygote
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Newborn
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Mitochondrial Diseases (genetics, pathology)
• Mitochondrial Proteins (genetics)
• Muscle, Skeletal (metabolism)
• Mutation (genetics)
• Oxidative Phosphorylation
• Protein Biosynthesis
• Ribosomal Proteins (genetics)
• Uniparental Disomy (genetics)
• Young Adult