At least since March 2020, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the multi-organ
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are keeping a firm grip on the world. Although most cases are mild, older patients and those with co-morbidities are at increased risk of developing a
cytokine storm, characterized by a systemic inflammatory response leading to
acute respiratory distress syndrome and organ failure. The present paper focuses on the small molecule
MP1032, describes its mode of action, and gives rationale why it is a promising option for the prevention/treatment of the SARS-CoV-2-induced
cytokine storm.
MP1032 is a phase-pure anhydrous polymorph of
5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione sodium salt that exhibits good stability and bioavailability. The physiological action of
MP1032 is based on a multi-target mechanism including localized, self-limiting
reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities that were demonstrated in a model of
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced joint
inflammation. Furthermore, its immune-regulatory and PARP-1-modulating properties, coupled with
antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2, have been demonstrated in various cell models. Preclinical efficacy was elucidated in LPS-induced
endotoxemia, a model with heightened innate immune responses that shares many similarities to
COVID-19. So far, during oral clinical development with three-month daily administrations, no serious
adverse drug reactions occurred, highlighting the outstanding safety profile of
MP1032.