Omadacycline for the Treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus Disease: A Case Series.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline antimicrobial approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2018 for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. It has in vitro activity against nontuberculous mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium abscessus complex, but clinical data for this indication are lacking.

METHODS:

Omadacycline use was reviewed at an 804-bed academic medical center. Patients were included if they received omadacycline for culture-proven M abscessus disease in 2019.

RESULTS:

Four patients received omadacycline for the treatment of culture-positive M abscessus disease in 2019. Two patients had cutaneous disease, 1 had pulmonary disease, and 1 had osteomyelitis and bacteremia. The patients received omadacycline for a median duration of 166 days (range, 104-227) along with a combination of other antimicrobial agents. Omadacycline-containing regimens were associated with a clinical cure in 3 of 4 patients, with 1 patient improving on ongoing treatment. Omadacycline's tolerability was acceptable for patients with M abscessus disease, with 1 patient discontinuing therapy in month 6 due to nausea.

CONCLUSIONS:

Omadacycline is a novel oral option for the treatment of M abscessus disease, for which safe and effective options are needed. Although this case series is promising, further data are required to determine omadacycline's definitive role in the treatment of M abscessus disease.

• Authors: Jeffrey C Pearson, Brandon Dionne, Aaron Richterman, Samuel J Vidal, Zoe Weiss, Gustavo E Velásquez, Francisco M Marty, Paul E Sax, Sigal Yawetz
• Journal: Open forum infectious diseases (Open Forum Infect Dis) Vol. 7 Issue 10 Pg. ofaa415 (Oct 2020) ISSN: 2328-8957 [Print] United States
• PMID: 33094118 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.