Salmonid Alphavirus Subtype 3 Induces Prolonged Local B Cell Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) After Intraperitoneal Infection.

Abstract

B cell responses are a crucial part of the adaptive immune response to viral infection. Infection by salmonid alphavirus subtype 3 (SAV3) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and is a serious concern to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we have used intraperitoneal (IP) infection with SAV3 as a model to characterize local B cell responses in the peritoneal cavity (PerC) and systemic immune tissues (head kidney/spleen). Intraperitoneal administration of vaccines is common in Atlantic salmon and understanding more about the local PerC B cell response is fundamental. Intraperitoneal SAV3 infection clearly induced PerC B cell responses as assessed by increased frequency of IgM+ B cells and total IgM secreting cells (ASC). These PerC responses were prolonged up to nine weeks post-infection and positively correlated to the anti-SAV3 E2 and to neutralizing antibody responses in serum. For the systemic immune sites, virus-induced changes in B cell responses were more modest or decreased compared to controls in the same period. Collectively, data reported herein indicated that PerC could serve as a peripheral immunological site by providing a niche for prolonged maintenance of the ASC response in Atlantic salmon.

• Authors: Shiferaw Jenberie, Ma Michelle D Peñaranda, Hanna L Thim, Morten Bay Styrvold, Guro Strandskog, Jorunn B Jørgensen, Ingvill Jensen
• Journal: Frontiers in immunology (Front Immunol) Vol. 11 Pg. 1682 ( 2020) ISSN: 1664-3224 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 33013821 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Jenberie, Peñaranda, Thim, Styrvold, Strandskog, Jørgensen and Jensen.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral

Topics

• Adaptive Immunity
• Alphavirus (immunology, pathogenicity)
• Alphavirus Infections (immunology, metabolism, veterinary, virology)
• Animals
• Antibodies, Neutralizing (metabolism)
• Antibodies, Viral (metabolism)
• B-Lymphocytes (immunology, metabolism, virology)
• Fish Diseases (immunology, metabolism, virology)
• Host-Pathogen Interactions
• Immunity, Humoral
• Peritoneal Cavity
• Salmo salar (immunology, metabolism, virology)